1 00:00:07,623 --> 00:00:09,894 narrator: here in kiev in recent days 2 00:00:09,894 --> 00:00:12,267 the maidan – the independence square 3 00:00:12,267 --> 00:00:14,414 has turned into a full-scale war zone 4 00:00:16,974 --> 00:00:19,440 more clashes in ukraine's capital kiev 5 00:00:27,484 --> 00:00:29,914 there is absolutely no doubt that snipers 6 00:00:30,400 --> 00:00:32,524 are working here. i counted 10 bodies 7 00:00:32,644 --> 00:00:35,208 viktor yanukovich: even today we don't know 8 00:00:35,208 --> 00:00:37,518 who shot those people. that is the problem 9 00:00:38,248 --> 00:00:40,477 reporter: now on the brink of civil war 10 00:00:40,477 --> 00:00:42,160 at least 70 dead so far 11 00:00:42,170 --> 00:00:43,717 and the death toll is rising 12 00:00:44,257 --> 00:00:46,867 vitaliy zaharchenko: these technologies 13 00:00:46,868 --> 00:00:49,398 i repeat, no country is safe from them 14 00:00:50,338 --> 00:00:52,669 reporter: what we saw here today was a revolution 15 00:00:53,240 --> 00:00:54,758 kрик на фоне: hail to ukraine 16 00:00:55,980 --> 00:00:57,210 putin: want to know what's happening in ukraine? 17 00:00:57,210 --> 00:01:00,410 victoria nuland: we have spent over 5 billion dollars to assist ukraine 18 00:01:01,785 --> 00:01:03,885 vitaliy zaharchenko: in big politics 19 00:01:03,886 --> 00:01:05,796 whatever they're talking about 20 00:01:05,796 --> 00:01:08,460 they are talking about money 21 00:01:08,460 --> 00:01:10,985 oliver stone: nato has expanded by 13 countries 22 00:01:10,985 --> 00:01:13,355 up to the borders of russia. 13 countries 23 00:01:13,995 --> 00:01:16,566 narrator: the focus has to be not allowing 24 00:01:17,143 --> 00:01:18,802 this crisis to turn into a hot war 25 00:01:19,184 --> 00:01:21,215 between ukraine and russia 26 00:01:25,867 --> 00:01:27,671 viktor yanukovich: this is a dangerous topic 27 00:01:27,819 --> 00:01:29,514 we're talking about war 28 00:01:29,514 --> 00:01:32,226 no one should feel safe today 29 00:02:38,799 --> 00:02:40,104 narrator: ukraine 30 00:02:42,512 --> 00:02:44,722 it's an ancient and proud land 31 00:02:46,153 --> 00:02:47,503 with a rich history 32 00:02:48,303 --> 00:02:49,856 filled with much beauty 33 00:02:49,856 --> 00:02:52,706 heroism and sacrifice 34 00:02:55,496 --> 00:02:57,716 ukraine is a border land 35 00:02:57,716 --> 00:03:00,226 a place where east meets west 36 00:03:01,496 --> 00:03:03,544 this is the flag of ukraine 37 00:03:03,544 --> 00:03:05,585 the blue represents the sky 38 00:03:06,400 --> 00:03:09,240 the gold is seeming endless fields of wheat 39 00:03:11,900 --> 00:03:14,263 ukraine is a prize many have sought 40 00:03:16,373 --> 00:03:19,623 and much blood was spilled in a quest to posess it 41 00:03:24,735 --> 00:03:27,933 ukraine has been the path for the western countries 42 00:03:27,933 --> 00:03:30,572 as they attempted to conquer the east 43 00:03:31,873 --> 00:03:32,945 in world war I 44 00:03:35,698 --> 00:03:37,260 and in world war II 45 00:03:40,781 --> 00:03:43,380 and every time the ukrainian people payed 46 00:03:43,380 --> 00:03:48,359 the highest price for this grand games of power 47 00:03:50,462 --> 00:03:52,924 history doesn't repeat but it surely rhymes 48 00:03:52,925 --> 00:03:55,175 said mark twain 49 00:03:55,765 --> 00:03:58,560 looking closely to the history of ukraine 50 00:03:58,561 --> 00:04:00,531 one will notice many rhymes 51 00:04:01,951 --> 00:04:04,162 being surrounded by stronger powers 52 00:04:04,162 --> 00:04:07,832 ukrainians needed a lot of cunning to survive 53 00:04:08,442 --> 00:04:10,995 the art they truly mastered in time 54 00:04:10,995 --> 00:04:13,745 was the art of changing sides 55 00:04:14,465 --> 00:04:16,421 iIn the middle of the 17th century 56 00:04:17,515 --> 00:04:19,731 ukrainian leader bogdan khmelnitskiy 57 00:04:20,849 --> 00:04:22,731 broke the peace they made with poland 58 00:04:23,566 --> 00:04:25,751 and sided with more powerful russia 59 00:04:27,521 --> 00:04:29,920 just over 50 years later 60 00:04:29,920 --> 00:04:31,462 as the russian-swedish war was raging 61 00:04:31,462 --> 00:04:34,318 another ukrainian leader ivan mazepa 62 00:04:34,318 --> 00:04:37,380 broke the union with russia and switched sides 63 00:04:37,380 --> 00:04:40,255 joining forces with the swedish invaders 64 00:04:41,486 --> 00:04:43,418 many times ukrainian history 65 00:04:43,418 --> 00:04:45,578 was written by third parties 66 00:04:45,578 --> 00:04:48,881 seeking to keep the gains of the revolution 67 00:04:48,881 --> 00:04:55,450 russia agreed to the humiliating brest-litovsky peace of 1918 68 00:04:55,451 --> 00:04:58,321 which turned ukraine into a german protectorate 69 00:04:58,489 --> 00:05:00,441 another historical document 70 00:05:00,441 --> 00:05:02,551 that changed the fate of ukraine 71 00:05:02,551 --> 00:05:05,861 was the molotov-ribbentrop pact of 1939 72 00:05:05,861 --> 00:05:08,539 one of many such agreements being signed 73 00:05:08,540 --> 00:05:11,700 between european countries and rising germany 74 00:05:13,280 --> 00:05:15,460 attempting to protect his nation 75 00:05:15,461 --> 00:05:17,581 from the approaching nazi threat 76 00:05:17,581 --> 00:05:19,785 Joseph Stalin negotiated a treaty 77 00:05:19,785 --> 00:05:22,105 of non-aggression with adolf hitler 78 00:05:22,455 --> 00:05:24,558 while promising each other peace 79 00:05:24,558 --> 00:05:26,778 soviet and german foreign ministers 80 00:05:26,778 --> 00:05:28,456 molotov and ribbentrop 81 00:05:28,456 --> 00:05:30,599 divided the map of eastern europe splitting it 82 00:05:30,599 --> 00:05:34,349 into german and soviet spheres of influence 83 00:05:37,509 --> 00:05:40,287 as soon as the molotov-ribbentrop pact was signed 84 00:05:40,569 --> 00:05:41,847 poland was split 85 00:05:42,889 --> 00:05:45,780 and in september of 1939 86 00:05:45,780 --> 00:05:47,787 eastern poland became the western ukraine 87 00:05:47,788 --> 00:05:50,576 and a part of the family of the soviet republics 88 00:05:50,576 --> 00:05:52,566 and the USSR 89 00:05:57,367 --> 00:05:59,447 but even this bold dividing of land 90 00:05:59,447 --> 00:06:01,507 only delayed the war 91 00:06:01,507 --> 00:06:05,829 germany broke its promise to the USSR 92 00:06:09,951 --> 00:06:13,743 on june 22nd 1941 germany invaded the USSR 93 00:06:13,743 --> 00:06:15,973 and launched barbarossa 94 00:06:15,973 --> 00:06:19,477 the largest military operation in world history 95 00:06:25,129 --> 00:06:26,958 barbarossa was aiming for 96 00:06:26,958 --> 00:06:30,868 saint-petersburg, moscow and kiev, ukraine 97 00:06:30,868 --> 00:06:34,328 three destinations of major significance 98 00:06:34,831 --> 00:06:37,943 ukraine with its rich land and resources 99 00:06:38,431 --> 00:06:40,901 was an important industrial and economic 100 00:06:40,901 --> 00:06:42,695 source for the USSR 101 00:06:42,695 --> 00:06:45,720 to cut it from the soviet union 102 00:06:45,720 --> 00:06:47,362 would be a great success 103 00:06:49,837 --> 00:06:52,116 for most of those in the soviet union 104 00:06:52,116 --> 00:06:53,705 the second world war 105 00:06:53,706 --> 00:06:56,706 was about fighting the invaders of their land 106 00:06:56,706 --> 00:06:58,918 but it wasn't so simple for ukraine 107 00:06:59,845 --> 00:07:02,930 the truth is ukraine has never been one country 108 00:07:04,369 --> 00:07:05,701 when world war II began 109 00:07:06,706 --> 00:07:08,883 a large part of western ukraine 110 00:07:08,883 --> 00:07:11,293 welcomed the german soldiers 111 00:07:11,293 --> 00:07:13,443 as liberators from the recently enforced 112 00:07:13,443 --> 00:07:15,323 soviet rule 113 00:07:15,324 --> 00:07:17,552 and openly collaborated with the germans 114 00:07:18,781 --> 00:07:20,695 true scale of this collaboration 115 00:07:20,695 --> 00:07:23,655 was not announced for many decades after the war 116 00:07:23,655 --> 00:07:25,967 but we now know that whole divisions 117 00:07:25,968 --> 00:07:28,798 and battalions were formed 118 00:07:28,798 --> 00:07:32,760 such as ss galizien, nachtigal and roland 119 00:07:34,752 --> 00:07:37,561 just in the beginning of the war more than 120 00:07:37,561 --> 00:07:39,941 80 thousand people from the galizien region 121 00:07:39,941 --> 00:07:43,931 volunteered for the ss galizien 122 00:07:43,931 --> 00:07:46,726 later known for its extreme cruelty towards 123 00:07:46,726 --> 00:07:49,956 polish, jewish and russian people 124 00:07:49,956 --> 00:07:52,306 on the territory of ukraine 125 00:07:53,306 --> 00:07:56,300 members of these military groups came mostly 126 00:07:56,300 --> 00:07:58,513 from organization of ukrainian nationalists 127 00:07:58,513 --> 00:07:59,983 the OUN 128 00:07:59,983 --> 00:08:01,683 founded in 1929 129 00:08:01,683 --> 00:08:04,393 this organization had the ultimate goal 130 00:08:04,393 --> 00:08:06,943 of an ethnically pure ukraine 131 00:08:06,943 --> 00:08:09,575 and considered terror as acceptable measure 132 00:08:09,575 --> 00:08:12,635 for achieving their ends 133 00:08:12,635 --> 00:08:14,835 their official flag was black and red 134 00:08:14,835 --> 00:08:16,895 land and blood 135 00:08:16,895 --> 00:08:19,373 it will remain in ukraine's history long after 136 00:08:19,374 --> 00:08:22,840 the OUN ceases to exist 137 00:08:22,840 --> 00:08:23,670 in early 1940 138 00:08:23,670 --> 00:08:27,900 the organization of ukrainian nationalists 139 00:08:27,900 --> 00:08:30,390 got its own leader - stepan bandera 140 00:08:30,400 --> 00:08:32,770 [for ukraine, for freedom, for honor, for glory] 141 00:08:32,770 --> 00:08:34,607 severely anti-semitic and anti-communist 142 00:08:34,607 --> 00:08:38,207 he proclaimed a free ukraine in 1941 143 00:08:40,136 --> 00:08:43,148 his german allies found such an act of self-will 144 00:08:43,149 --> 00:08:45,690 unacceptable and they put him in prison 145 00:08:45,690 --> 00:08:47,789 for nearly all 2nd world war 146 00:08:47,789 --> 00:08:50,241 not participating in person bandera still 147 00:08:50,241 --> 00:08:54,941 managed to successfully spread his ideology 148 00:08:54,941 --> 00:08:57,575 many independent historians state that 149 00:08:57,575 --> 00:09:00,250 the OUN militia exterminated from 150 150 00:09:00,250 --> 00:09:02,555 to 200 thousand jews 151 00:09:02,555 --> 00:09:05,390 on the ukrainian territory occupied by germans 152 00:09:05,390 --> 00:09:07,949 by the end of 1941 153 00:09:12,750 --> 00:09:15,730 the most notorious and outrageous massacre 154 00:09:15,730 --> 00:09:18,730 took place on september 29 of 1941 155 00:09:18,730 --> 00:09:21,570 in Бабий Яр, kiev 156 00:09:23,130 --> 00:09:25,529 all kikes of the city of kiev and its vicinity 157 00:09:25,529 --> 00:09:28,199 must appear on monday, september 29 158 00:09:28,199 --> 00:09:30,108 by 8 o'clock in the morning 159 00:09:32,369 --> 00:09:35,212 bring documents, money and valuables 160 00:09:35,212 --> 00:09:38,192 and also hand clothing, linen, etc 161 00:09:39,182 --> 00:09:41,596 any kikes who do not follow this order 162 00:09:41,596 --> 00:09:45,160 and are found elsewhere will be shot 163 00:09:45,486 --> 00:09:48,661 33 771 jews were killed by the nazi 164 00:09:48,661 --> 00:09:53,621 and the ukrainian militia 165 00:09:55,710 --> 00:09:57,965 another outrageous massacre was carried out 166 00:09:57,965 --> 00:10:01,475 by the ukrainian rebels army and the OUN 167 00:10:01,475 --> 00:10:03,670 it happened on the territory of 168 00:10:03,670 --> 00:10:05,849 the german occupied polish wolyn 169 00:10:05,850 --> 00:10:11,610 and eastern galicia in 1943 and 1944 170 00:10:12,510 --> 00:10:17,208 this genocide of poles was lead by mикола Лебідь 171 00:10:17,208 --> 00:10:20,948 35 to 60 thousand people in wolyn and 172 00:10:20,948 --> 00:10:24,168 25 to 40 thousand people in eastern galicia 173 00:10:24,168 --> 00:10:26,272 became the victims of this massive 174 00:10:26,272 --> 00:10:28,272 ethnic cleansing operation 175 00:10:28,732 --> 00:10:31,204 sensing the inevitable loss of the german troops 176 00:10:31,704 --> 00:10:35,464 the OUN betrayed its former ally 177 00:10:35,465 --> 00:10:41,425 and began fighting against german and soviet forces 178 00:10:42,735 --> 00:10:44,742 in january of 1943 179 00:10:44,742 --> 00:10:48,262 the USSR army began pushing back the german troops 180 00:10:48,262 --> 00:10:51,691 liberating one part of ukraine after another 181 00:10:52,512 --> 00:10:56,266 western ukraine was the region held by the germans the longest 182 00:10:56,266 --> 00:11:00,776 and was finally liberated on october of 1944 183 00:11:02,736 --> 00:11:05,797 bandera's gangs continued their guerrilla war 184 00:11:05,797 --> 00:11:08,797 against soviets, carrying out bloody attacks 185 00:11:08,797 --> 00:11:11,338 on ukrainian villages and towns 186 00:11:11,854 --> 00:11:15,218 leaving chaos and victims among civilians 187 00:11:15,533 --> 00:11:18,782 this war went on till the mid 1950s 188 00:11:18,782 --> 00:11:21,772 when the last collaborators were eliminated 189 00:11:21,772 --> 00:11:24,442 or fled the country 190 00:11:25,532 --> 00:11:27,634 on may 7 of 1945 191 00:11:27,634 --> 00:11:30,333 germany unconditionally surrendered 192 00:11:30,333 --> 00:11:32,963 and ukraine remained a part of the USSR 193 00:11:38,503 --> 00:11:41,774 peace after the second world war was short-lived 194 00:11:45,637 --> 00:11:47,964 the usa and the USSR 195 00:11:48,186 --> 00:11:50,312 nations who allied together 196 00:11:50,312 --> 00:11:52,462 along with england against the nazi 197 00:11:52,462 --> 00:11:54,342 later tragically became foes 198 00:11:54,342 --> 00:11:56,520 as the cold war began 199 00:11:59,882 --> 00:12:02,387 the era of political and military tension 200 00:12:02,387 --> 00:12:04,446 between the usa and the USSR 201 00:12:04,447 --> 00:12:06,147 lasted for nearly 45 years 202 00:12:06,147 --> 00:12:09,936 keeping humanity under constant threat 203 00:12:09,936 --> 00:12:11,706 of nuclear war. 204 00:12:17,959 --> 00:12:20,233 in this battle the usa never took its 205 00:12:20,233 --> 00:12:22,843 sights off ukraine because of its importance 206 00:12:24,730 --> 00:12:26,597 us intelligences were closely cooperating 207 00:12:26,597 --> 00:12:29,207 with ukrainian nationalistic organizations 208 00:12:29,207 --> 00:12:31,781 as a valuable source of counter-intelligence 209 00:12:31,781 --> 00:12:33,950 against the USSR 210 00:12:34,292 --> 00:12:37,413 cia documents just recently declassified 211 00:12:37,413 --> 00:12:40,305 show strong ties between us intelligence 212 00:12:40,305 --> 00:12:44,545 and ukrainian nationalists since 1946 213 00:12:45,488 --> 00:12:47,920 from the cia reports it's obvious that 214 00:12:48,144 --> 00:12:50,838 they weren't mistaken about the ukrainian nationalists 215 00:12:50,961 --> 00:12:52,569 and stepan bandera 216 00:12:54,487 --> 00:12:58,522 according to the oss report of september 1945 217 00:12:59,660 --> 00:13:01,742 bandera had earned a fierce reputation 218 00:13:01,922 --> 00:13:04,144 for conducting a reign of terror 219 00:13:04,195 --> 00:13:05,600 during world war II 220 00:13:06,790 --> 00:13:08,300 after the second world war 221 00:13:08,400 --> 00:13:10,294 bandera and other nationalist leaders 222 00:13:10,294 --> 00:13:12,824 fled to europe where the cia covered them 223 00:13:13,550 --> 00:13:16,000 the cia later informed the immigration 224 00:13:16,000 --> 00:13:18,671 and naturalization service it had concealed 225 00:13:18,671 --> 00:13:21,819 stepan bandera and other ukrainians from soviets 226 00:13:23,928 --> 00:13:26,660 the operations involving ukrainians 227 00:13:26,660 --> 00:13:27,678 continued for many years 228 00:13:27,858 --> 00:13:31,291 the nurenberg trials of 1945 and 1946 229 00:13:31,292 --> 00:13:34,152 had put the political, economic and military 230 00:13:34,152 --> 00:13:36,880 leaders of fascist germany to justice 231 00:13:36,880 --> 00:13:40,570 showing the whole world the face of nazism 232 00:13:40,570 --> 00:13:42,472 and the crimes they committed 233 00:13:42,607 --> 00:13:46,260 but the ukrainian nazi were spared of such fate 234 00:13:46,270 --> 00:13:48,779 and some were even granted amnesty by the cia 235 00:13:49,428 --> 00:13:52,509 by 1951 the agency excused the illegal 236 00:13:52,509 --> 00:13:54,743 activities of oun's security branch 237 00:13:54,743 --> 00:13:57,833 in the name of cold war necessity 238 00:13:58,243 --> 00:14:01,207 in 1949 mикола Лебідь, the man responsible 239 00:14:01,207 --> 00:14:03,540 for the mass massacres in wolyn 240 00:14:03,540 --> 00:14:07,170 was moved to the usa where he died in 1989 241 00:14:07,330 --> 00:14:10,355 without ever being investigated for his crimes 242 00:14:12,136 --> 00:14:15,227 protecting the ukrainian nationalist mикола Лебідь 243 00:14:15,269 --> 00:14:18,440 the cia stopped criminal investigation of the 244 00:14:18,496 --> 00:14:21,146 immigration and naturalization service 245 00:14:22,291 --> 00:14:24,890 perhaps bandera lost his use to the usa 246 00:14:24,890 --> 00:14:27,459 or maybe the KGB agency outplayed the cia 247 00:14:27,459 --> 00:14:30,407 but in 1959 stepan bandera was killed in munich 248 00:14:30,408 --> 00:14:35,578 where he was hiding under the name of stepan popel 249 00:14:36,986 --> 00:14:39,332 i0t's fair to say that by sheer coincidence 250 00:14:39,332 --> 00:14:41,503 bandera became the main symbol of 251 00:14:41,791 --> 00:14:43,842 ukrainian nationalism because he wasn't neither 252 00:14:44,102 --> 00:14:46,890 its only nor its most powerful leader 253 00:14:48,372 --> 00:14:50,367 dmitriy dontsov was the father of the far right 254 00:14:50,367 --> 00:14:51,858 totalitarian doctrine in ukraine 255 00:14:51,859 --> 00:14:56,630 andriy melnik the leader of another fraction of the oun 256 00:14:56,630 --> 00:15:00,194 roman shuhevich the leader of the ukrainian rebel's army 257 00:15:00,476 --> 00:15:02,334 and many others 258 00:15:02,684 --> 00:15:04,584 bandera's dangerous ideology 259 00:15:04,584 --> 00:15:06,799 suppressed by the soviet government 260 00:15:06,799 --> 00:15:09,218 but supported by external forces 261 00:15:09,218 --> 00:15:11,460 was never completely eliminated 262 00:15:11,460 --> 00:15:13,586 the seeds of ukrainian nationalism 263 00:15:13,586 --> 00:15:16,129 were passed from generation to generation 264 00:15:16,142 --> 00:15:18,894 unfortunately not many years had gone by 265 00:15:18,894 --> 00:15:21,114 before they once again grew 266 00:15:21,274 --> 00:15:24,851 in 1954 ukraine's territory was expanded once more 267 00:15:24,851 --> 00:15:27,869 when nikita khrushev, leader of the USSR 268 00:15:27,869 --> 00:15:29,963 and an ukrainian himself 269 00:15:29,963 --> 00:15:33,352 generously gave the crimean region to ukraine 270 00:15:34,346 --> 00:15:37,167 historians will debate for many years 271 00:15:37,167 --> 00:15:40,173 about this being legal and 60 years later 272 00:15:40,643 --> 00:15:42,828 another series of dramatic events 273 00:15:42,828 --> 00:15:44,838 were taking place in crimea 274 00:15:44,838 --> 00:15:47,384 reporter: the eyes of the world are on ukraine 275 00:15:47,641 --> 00:15:49,783 as the crisis in crimea continues 276 00:15:49,926 --> 00:15:52,376 several dozens of well armed people 277 00:15:52,376 --> 00:15:55,276 have captured the government in crimea 278 00:15:55,366 --> 00:15:57,552 should ukraine just shrug its shoulders 279 00:15:57,552 --> 00:15:59,644 and say 'ok, crimea is lost'? 280 00:15:59,730 --> 00:16:02,797 narrator: the old argument would repeat once again 281 00:16:05,567 --> 00:16:08,221 the cold war was going up and down 282 00:16:08,221 --> 00:16:11,531 while both rivals were obsessed 283 00:16:11,531 --> 00:16:14,803 with growing their military capacity 284 00:16:14,803 --> 00:16:19,200 the turning point came with the perestroyka 285 00:16:19,200 --> 00:16:21,953 when the USSR got its new leader 286 00:16:21,953 --> 00:16:24,817 michael gorbachev, in the middle of 1980 287 00:16:24,817 --> 00:16:27,420 perestroyka means restructuring towards 288 00:16:27,420 --> 00:16:30,210 democratization and modernization 289 00:16:30,220 --> 00:16:32,155 it certainly had a positive impact 290 00:16:32,155 --> 00:16:34,141 on the international situation 291 00:16:34,141 --> 00:16:36,697 reporter: astonishing news from berlin 292 00:16:36,697 --> 00:16:39,136 where the german authorities announced 293 00:16:39,136 --> 00:16:42,650 that the berlin wall doesn't mean anything anymore 294 00:16:46,960 --> 00:16:48,970 narrator: but inside the USSR 295 00:16:48,970 --> 00:16:51,261 the weakening of the kremlin control had different consequences 296 00:16:51,673 --> 00:16:54,590 the ukrainian nationalistic political organization 297 00:16:54,610 --> 00:16:57,893 called narodniy ruh or the national movement 298 00:16:57,893 --> 00:17:00,992 was established in 1989 299 00:17:00,992 --> 00:17:03,872 viacheslav chernovol: i congratulate all of us in this 300 00:17:03,872 --> 00:17:06,830 remarkable event, the creation of our movement 301 00:17:06,830 --> 00:17:09,899 narrator: they advocated for independence of ukraine 302 00:17:09,900 --> 00:17:12,790 from the USSR and became the starting point 303 00:17:12,790 --> 00:17:15,800 for many of the ukrainian nationalistic 304 00:17:15,800 --> 00:17:16,751 and neo-nazi leaders 305 00:17:16,751 --> 00:17:19,282 in 1991 one of them, oleg tyagnibok 306 00:17:19,282 --> 00:17:22,282 founded 'cвобода' 307 00:17:22,282 --> 00:17:24,966 or 'freedom' radical nationalistic party 308 00:17:24,967 --> 00:17:28,415 openly following the good old principles of bandera 309 00:17:28,415 --> 00:17:32,120 oleg tyagnibok: they were prepared and fought against russians 310 00:17:32,121 --> 00:17:35,242 fought against germans, fought against kikes 311 00:17:35,242 --> 00:17:39,712 and all other scum trying to take our ukrainian country from us 312 00:17:39,994 --> 00:17:42,934 narrator: purge ukraine from jews and russians 313 00:17:42,934 --> 00:17:45,963 ukraine for ukrainians and so on 314 00:17:45,963 --> 00:17:48,450 these statements got him the 5th place 315 00:17:48,450 --> 00:17:51,196 on the list of top 10 anti-semites in the world 316 00:17:51,196 --> 00:17:54,105 according to the simon wiesenthal center 317 00:17:54,105 --> 00:17:56,474 oleg tyagnibok: hail to ukraine crowd: hail to the heroes 318 00:17:56,474 --> 00:18:00,464 narrator: sadly such statements attracted numerous followers 319 00:18:00,464 --> 00:18:05,192 dmitriy yarosh founded another extreme right organization 320 00:18:05,192 --> 00:18:08,512 'tризуб' or 'trident' in 1994 321 00:18:09,762 --> 00:18:14,822 in april of 2013 yarosh became the assistant to a deputy from “udar” 322 00:18:14,822 --> 00:18:18,831 or strike party lead by vitaly klitchko 323 00:18:18,832 --> 00:18:23,162 later that year he founded another far right ukrainian neo-nazi group 324 00:18:23,162 --> 00:18:25,232 the right sector 325 00:18:27,492 --> 00:18:31,792 andriy parubiy would soon lead the whole army 326 00:18:31,792 --> 00:18:34,262 of the ultra-nationalistic warriors 327 00:18:34,262 --> 00:18:36,946 and the torch marches will once again 328 00:18:36,946 --> 00:18:39,647 lighting the streets of ukrainian cities 329 00:18:39,647 --> 00:18:41,297 [heroes never die] 330 00:18:55,423 --> 00:18:58,337 the world drastically changed in august of 1991 331 00:18:59,647 --> 00:19:02,437 when the USSR de-facto ceased to exist 332 00:19:02,527 --> 00:19:06,612 and many new political formations appeared on the world map 333 00:19:06,612 --> 00:19:08,402 ukraine one of them 334 00:19:08,402 --> 00:19:10,882 for the first time in modern history 335 00:19:10,882 --> 00:19:13,742 it was truly independent and all on itself 336 00:19:19,926 --> 00:19:22,322 reporter: the red flag above the kremlin 337 00:19:22,322 --> 00:19:25,441 came down today when president Горбачёв resigned 338 00:19:25,442 --> 00:19:28,162 ending 70 years of communist rule in the USSR 339 00:19:29,947 --> 00:19:32,850 narrator: the years after the fall of the USSR 340 00:19:32,850 --> 00:19:35,658 were known as crazy 90s on all 341 00:19:35,659 --> 00:19:37,779 post-soviet territories 342 00:19:39,318 --> 00:19:42,479 reporter: he's leaving behind 15 individual states 343 00:19:42,479 --> 00:19:44,946 that share only a disaster economy 344 00:19:44,946 --> 00:19:46,909 and an uncertain future 345 00:19:47,340 --> 00:19:50,324 narrator: after the planned economy of the USSR 346 00:19:50,325 --> 00:19:53,448 the free market changed the rules of the game 347 00:19:53,448 --> 00:19:55,537 new businesses emerged quickly 348 00:19:55,537 --> 00:19:57,757 and soon the first oligarchs appeared 349 00:19:57,757 --> 00:20:00,297 a former country without class division 350 00:20:00,467 --> 00:20:02,617 became divided into unequal parts 351 00:20:02,757 --> 00:20:04,667 a few chosen ones became rich 352 00:20:04,777 --> 00:20:07,557 while the rest had to fight to survive 353 00:20:09,776 --> 00:20:14,116 putin: right after gaining independence 354 00:20:14,569 --> 00:20:18,759 a wild privatization of the state property began 355 00:20:19,614 --> 00:20:23,784 lowering the life quality of the people 356 00:20:24,484 --> 00:20:28,603 right after the independence 357 00:20:29,229 --> 00:20:33,409 and what is interesting, whoever was coming to power 358 00:20:33,963 --> 00:20:36,703 nothing changed for the people 359 00:20:36,703 --> 00:20:40,153 a constant robbery of the people was happening 360 00:20:40,153 --> 00:20:42,822 a constant robbery of the ukrainian people 361 00:20:42,822 --> 00:20:45,411 of course the people grew tired of this 362 00:20:45,412 --> 00:20:47,102 of this growing corruption 363 00:20:47,547 --> 00:20:50,133 narrator: the disappointment of the people 364 00:20:50,133 --> 00:20:52,605 made ukraine vulnerable to outside forces 365 00:20:52,605 --> 00:20:55,605 and soon people were to know the new kind of war 366 00:20:55,605 --> 00:20:58,705 one had never known before - the color revolutions 367 00:21:01,855 --> 00:21:04,874 reporter: the protesters are confronting the police 368 00:21:04,874 --> 00:21:08,400 while the result of the elections are being questioned 369 00:21:08,400 --> 00:21:10,303 and they are calling for a new vote 370 00:21:11,623 --> 00:21:14,900 narrator: for 24 years of its independence 371 00:21:14,900 --> 00:21:16,174 ukraine got through 2 revolutions 372 00:21:16,174 --> 00:21:19,132 in 2004 people came on the streets of kiev 373 00:21:19,132 --> 00:21:22,992 and started the orange revolution 374 00:21:25,191 --> 00:21:29,517 at that time ukraine once again became the battlefield of two forces 375 00:21:29,517 --> 00:21:32,178 russia and western countries 376 00:21:32,178 --> 00:21:37,648 the confrontation reached its peak during the presidential election of 2004 377 00:21:39,923 --> 00:21:42,550 two major candidates 378 00:21:42,550 --> 00:21:44,111 western-backed viktor ushenko 379 00:21:44,111 --> 00:21:46,676 and russia-oriented viktor yanukovich 380 00:21:46,676 --> 00:21:49,933 almost equally shared the votes of the ukrainian people 381 00:21:49,933 --> 00:21:53,760 by the way - calling viktor ushenko western-backed 382 00:21:53,760 --> 00:21:54,891 was not an exaggeration 383 00:21:54,891 --> 00:21:57,125 his wife – kатерина viktor ushenko 384 00:21:57,125 --> 00:21:59,413 is a former us state department official 385 00:21:59,413 --> 00:22:02,893 and worked in the white house during reagan's administration 386 00:22:03,297 --> 00:22:06,840 the votes were split in a geographic principle 387 00:22:06,840 --> 00:22:08,523 traditionally pro-russia eastern ukraine 388 00:22:08,523 --> 00:22:10,355 voted for viktor yanukovich 389 00:22:10,355 --> 00:22:13,405 while western ukraine voted for viktor ushenko 390 00:22:13,728 --> 00:22:15,567 by the announced results 391 00:22:15,567 --> 00:22:17,957 viktor ushenko lost to viktor yanukovich 392 00:22:18,460 --> 00:22:20,823 but thousands of people didn't agree with that 393 00:22:20,823 --> 00:22:23,480 and came to the central square of kiev 394 00:22:23,480 --> 00:22:24,853 on november 22nd of 2004 395 00:22:24,993 --> 00:22:27,842 the situation got wide press coverage 396 00:22:28,651 --> 00:22:31,465 reporter: the government election commission 397 00:22:31,465 --> 00:22:35,495 ignored the fraud accusations and declared viktor yanukovich president 398 00:22:35,543 --> 00:22:37,866 narrator: the international politicians 399 00:22:37,866 --> 00:22:40,520 such as former secretary of nato javier solana 400 00:22:40,520 --> 00:22:42,472 became frequent guests in kiev 401 00:22:42,472 --> 00:22:45,822 initiating negotiations between the parties 402 00:22:46,348 --> 00:22:48,976 javier solana: i'm hoping that together 403 00:22:48,976 --> 00:22:51,676 we can overcome these difficulties 404 00:22:52,386 --> 00:22:54,925 narrator: the results of the negotiations 405 00:22:54,925 --> 00:22:57,810 were often reached only on paper 406 00:22:57,810 --> 00:23:00,106 for example viktor ushenko never told his supporters 407 00:23:00,116 --> 00:23:03,696 to stop blocking the government institutions in the center of kiev 408 00:23:03,899 --> 00:23:08,619 therefore these non-violent protests lasted for a month 409 00:23:08,833 --> 00:23:12,601 during which the result of the previous election were canceled 410 00:23:12,601 --> 00:23:16,231 and new elections were announced 411 00:23:16,666 --> 00:23:18,256 the important nuance 412 00:23:18,257 --> 00:23:19,705 just 3 months before 413 00:23:19,705 --> 00:23:21,891 viktor ushenko suffered a mysterious 414 00:23:21,892 --> 00:23:24,192 still unsolved poisoning 415 00:23:24,849 --> 00:23:26,500 but it didn't prevent him 416 00:23:26,500 --> 00:23:28,420 from winning the new election 417 00:23:28,769 --> 00:23:30,886 but as we shall soon see 418 00:23:30,886 --> 00:23:32,803 there was much more than just 419 00:23:32,804 --> 00:23:34,844 the people's will to this victory 420 00:23:34,844 --> 00:23:37,317 this peaceful revolution and its leaders 421 00:23:37,317 --> 00:23:40,637 were warmly welcomed by the international community 422 00:23:41,443 --> 00:23:43,408 but the euphoria didn't last long 423 00:23:43,408 --> 00:23:46,156 viktor ushenko's government failed the reforms 424 00:23:46,156 --> 00:23:48,688 and lost its chance to establish democracy 425 00:23:48,689 --> 00:23:51,396 instead of setting into internal fighting 426 00:23:51,396 --> 00:23:54,651 viktor ushenko was not reelected for a second term 427 00:23:54,651 --> 00:23:56,871 but in the end of his presidency 428 00:23:56,871 --> 00:23:58,914 he had time to give one last gift 429 00:23:58,914 --> 00:24:01,444 to his supporters from western ukraine 430 00:24:01,923 --> 00:24:06,177 ushenko: in conclusion i would like to say 431 00:24:06,177 --> 00:24:10,236 something that is long awaited 432 00:24:10,496 --> 00:24:14,636 by the ukrainian patriots for many years 433 00:24:15,200 --> 00:24:19,620 i have signed a decree 434 00:24:19,820 --> 00:24:23,230 for the unbroken spirit 435 00:24:24,300 --> 00:24:26,370 and standing for the idea 436 00:24:27,000 --> 00:24:29,490 of fighting for independent ukraine 437 00:24:30,700 --> 00:24:32,690 i declare stepan bandera 438 00:24:32,690 --> 00:24:34,570 a national hero of ukraine 439 00:24:34,570 --> 00:24:36,100 hail to ukraine 440 00:24:38,365 --> 00:24:41,725 narrator: the hero status of stepan bandera was short-lived 441 00:24:42,126 --> 00:24:46,161 in 2010 viktor yanukovich was elected president 442 00:24:46,161 --> 00:24:49,271 and this time the international community 443 00:24:49,313 --> 00:24:52,323 had no doubts about the legitimacy of the elections 444 00:24:52,596 --> 00:24:57,496 in january 2011 viktor yanukovich repealed the hero title of bandera 445 00:24:59,476 --> 00:25:02,493 and after almost 4 years of his presidency 446 00:25:02,493 --> 00:25:04,793 another revolution shook ukraine 447 00:25:05,359 --> 00:25:08,819 unfortunately this one was anything but peaceful 448 00:25:21,492 --> 00:25:24,137 oliver stone: mr yanukovich, i am an american 449 00:25:24,137 --> 00:25:27,517 i'm an outsider in this situation and it's very complicated 450 00:25:28,289 --> 00:25:31,454 but i would like, as a filmmaker 451 00:25:31,454 --> 00:25:33,525 to just jump into the action 452 00:25:33,526 --> 00:25:38,203 and go to those moments in november 2013 453 00:25:38,203 --> 00:25:42,430 you're president of ukraine, been president for 3 years 454 00:25:42,430 --> 00:25:45,767 at this point the country is in a bad economic shape 455 00:25:45,767 --> 00:25:48,678 you have a trade agreement with russia and now 456 00:25:48,678 --> 00:25:54,828 you're seeking making a better agreement with eu and you're negotiating 457 00:25:55,181 --> 00:25:58,411 can you tell me at that moment what you were thinking? 458 00:25:58,891 --> 00:26:02,531 yanukovich: this was truly a very complicated period for ukraine 459 00:26:02,932 --> 00:26:07,222 and wee needed to find a solution for the problems of 2013 460 00:26:07,675 --> 00:26:10,140 so we had 2 partners first of all 461 00:26:10,140 --> 00:26:15,803 we were relying on the international monetary found 462 00:26:15,896 --> 00:26:20,286 but the IMF for a year of negotiations was proposing us options that were unacceptable 463 00:26:20,915 --> 00:26:25,435 a significant rise of energy resources prices for the people, natural gas first of all 464 00:26:26,154 --> 00:26:29,190 that meant a significant rise of the people's expenses 465 00:26:30,160 --> 00:26:34,410 while their income would stay at the same level 466 00:26:35,393 --> 00:26:40,229 we wouldn't agree with that 467 00:26:40,989 --> 00:26:46,169 we proposed another option and we officially got rejected by the imf in november of 2013 468 00:26:48,260 --> 00:26:51,990 the other option was russia 469 00:26:58,850 --> 00:27:06,100 russia said - we're ready to work with you as partners 470 00:27:07,188 --> 00:27:11,628 if you take our interests in consideration 471 00:27:13,139 --> 00:27:16,938 putin: because the economy of russia and ukraine 472 00:27:18,640 --> 00:27:21,610 were established as one 473 00:27:22,235 --> 00:27:26,294 absolutely unique economical relations were born 474 00:27:27,538 --> 00:27:31,648 the russian market was completely open for ukrainian 475 00:27:32,580 --> 00:27:36,669 products and our customs border with ukraine is completely open 476 00:27:37,589 --> 00:27:41,678 in that way the eu would enter our market with its products without any negotiations 477 00:27:41,811 --> 00:27:45,130 yanukovich: and so when we began calculating the balances 478 00:27:45,224 --> 00:27:49,674 we saw the agreement prepared by the eu for ukraine 479 00:27:50,900 --> 00:27:54,250 requires a lot of economic efforts and losses 480 00:27:55,167 --> 00:27:59,297 and the eu wouldn't compensate any of it 481 00:28:01,872 --> 00:28:06,420 and the russian market would drastically reduce 482 00:28:08,430 --> 00:28:11,993 putin: we said – of course, if ukraine decided to do that 483 00:28:11,993 --> 00:28:15,720 than it's their decision and we respect it 484 00:28:15,720 --> 00:28:17,552 but we mustn't be the ones to pay for it 485 00:28:19,722 --> 00:28:22,512 yanukovich: our negotiations with the eu 486 00:28:22,902 --> 00:28:24,862 didn't succeed and that's why 487 00:28:25,172 --> 00:28:28,172 we proposed to make a break 488 00:28:30,928 --> 00:28:33,558 reporter: violent clashes are happening in kiev 489 00:28:33,558 --> 00:28:36,716 where about 100 thousand people came on the streets 490 00:28:36,716 --> 00:28:39,245 to protest against the government's decision 491 00:28:39,246 --> 00:28:42,426 to delay the signing of the association agreement with eu 492 00:28:43,413 --> 00:28:46,587 oliver stone: vitaliy, you were the minister of inner affairs 493 00:28:46,587 --> 00:28:48,227 of ukraine in that period 494 00:28:48,227 --> 00:28:51,406 so basically you were the head of ukraine's police 495 00:28:51,406 --> 00:28:55,745 so tell me your vision on the protests happened in november through february 496 00:28:56,723 --> 00:28:59,913 vitaliy zaharchenko: we had the information 497 00:29:00,302 --> 00:29:04,121 that these mass protests were being planned anyway 498 00:29:04,302 --> 00:29:08,391 and they were to start in 2015 499 00:29:08,507 --> 00:29:12,710 but the opposition used the fact 500 00:29:12,710 --> 00:29:14,778 that the government decided to delay 501 00:29:14,778 --> 00:29:17,618 the signing of the association agreement with eu 502 00:29:18,440 --> 00:29:19,903 narrator: arseniy yatsenuk 503 00:29:19,903 --> 00:29:22,820 the leader of the opposition block “the fatherland” 504 00:29:22,850 --> 00:29:25,659 oleg tyagnibok, the leader of the oppositional 505 00:29:25,720 --> 00:29:27,740 far right radical party “cвобода” 506 00:29:28,820 --> 00:29:31,332 vitaliy klitchko, the leader of the opposition party “udar” 507 00:29:31,805 --> 00:29:33,210 reporter: on thursday 508 00:29:33,210 --> 00:29:35,327 leaders of the eu and ukraine stated 509 00:29:35,327 --> 00:29:38,187 that the negotiation on the association agreement 510 00:29:38,187 --> 00:29:40,630 can be resumed after the 2 day consulting 511 00:29:40,631 --> 00:29:43,561 but now the association agreement is of the table 512 00:29:43,664 --> 00:29:46,544 angela merkel: we expected more from you 513 00:29:49,536 --> 00:29:52,546 yanukovich: i want you to hear me 514 00:29:52,666 --> 00:29:57,460 3 and a half years i've been working on this question 1 on 1 with strong russia 515 00:30:02,298 --> 00:30:05,878 reporter: pro-eu protests on the streets of kiev enter the 2nd day 516 00:30:06,162 --> 00:30:09,792 the protesters are now joined by the leader of the opposition 517 00:30:10,730 --> 00:30:12,812 ukranian world boxing champion vitaliy klitchko 518 00:30:12,812 --> 00:30:16,545 he called the protesters to maintain pressure on the government 519 00:30:16,546 --> 00:30:19,776 after it's refusal to sign a major trade deal with eu 520 00:30:20,424 --> 00:30:22,427 oliver stone: you go back to kiev the next day 521 00:30:22,427 --> 00:30:24,312 after the interview with merkel 522 00:30:24,313 --> 00:30:25,953 and protests are on, am i right? 523 00:30:25,953 --> 00:30:27,963 can you tell me about that period? 524 00:30:27,963 --> 00:30:30,731 yanukovich: in the beginning of this 525 00:30:31,440 --> 00:30:34,324 i had an understanding that these are peaceful actions 526 00:30:34,471 --> 00:30:37,566 and you can negotiate with peaceful protesters 527 00:30:38,136 --> 00:30:40,926 and i was willing to do that 528 00:30:47,566 --> 00:30:51,616 vitaliy zaharchenko: talking about protests of november through february 529 00:30:51,778 --> 00:30:55,278 one has to account the dynamics of their development that happened beforehand 530 00:30:58,548 --> 00:31:01,501 in ukraine there are many public organizations that are being funded from abroad 531 00:31:01,625 --> 00:31:04,695 a huge number of journalists getting foreign grants 532 00:31:05,248 --> 00:31:10,578 narrator: robert perry is an investigative journalist working in washington dc 533 00:31:11,233 --> 00:31:15,473 best know for his disclosure of the iran-contra in 1980s 534 00:31:17,341 --> 00:31:20,160 he's a founder of consortiumnews.com 535 00:31:20,161 --> 00:31:23,113 and he's reported extensively on the crisis in ukraine 536 00:31:23,113 --> 00:31:24,696 and what stands behind it 537 00:31:25,360 --> 00:31:28,396 robert perry: a ngo is a non-governmental organization 538 00:31:28,408 --> 00:31:31,908 and many ngo's are quite legit and working for good purposes 539 00:31:32,869 --> 00:31:36,809 trying to help people, solving medical and water problems 540 00:31:40,340 --> 00:31:44,659 but there are some ngo's that are funded by the government services 541 00:31:46,220 --> 00:31:48,998 and serve more the purpose of that government 542 00:31:48,998 --> 00:31:51,688 rather than trying to serve the people that they're supposed to work with 543 00:31:52,578 --> 00:31:54,828 one thing we saw in the 1980s 544 00:31:55,272 --> 00:31:56,755 at that point the cia 545 00:31:56,956 --> 00:31:58,440 had been largely discredited 546 00:31:58,441 --> 00:32:01,581 because of the scandals that were exposed in the 1970s 547 00:32:02,430 --> 00:32:04,883 narrator: for 15 years the cia had secretly financed 548 00:32:05,444 --> 00:32:08,654 the overseas national students activities and associations 549 00:32:09,143 --> 00:32:12,293 but then it came light of a big web of cia penetrations 550 00:32:13,607 --> 00:32:15,463 robert perry: so, when the reagan administration came in 551 00:32:15,903 --> 00:32:18,873 there was this concept that instead of having the cia 552 00:32:19,762 --> 00:32:22,532 that would traditionally go into these countries 553 00:32:22,975 --> 00:32:26,834 funding their media, ngo's and different political operations 554 00:32:27,590 --> 00:32:30,580 that was essentially passed to a new organization 555 00:32:31,368 --> 00:32:34,727 called national endowment for democracy created in 1983 556 00:32:35,370 --> 00:32:38,610 and it would do pretty much what the cia would do 557 00:32:39,925 --> 00:32:44,340 penetrate the country, support different political groups 558 00:32:44,342 --> 00:32:48,624 preparing activists, journalists, business groups 559 00:32:48,644 --> 00:32:52,412 and pushing the interests of usa foreign policy 560 00:32:52,412 --> 00:32:56,392 sometimes against the interests of the host countrie’s government 561 00:32:56,392 --> 00:33:00,900 they were also supplying an organizational and financial support 562 00:33:00,900 --> 00:33:03,995 and help in trainings of activists 563 00:33:03,995 --> 00:33:05,737 on their work with journalists 564 00:33:06,608 --> 00:33:10,235 to be able to present their view in the best way 565 00:33:10,235 --> 00:33:13,165 they worked on things like how to get popularity 566 00:33:13,701 --> 00:33:18,881 how to make things viral, how to use it to get support for your ideas 567 00:33:19,415 --> 00:33:22,900 narrator: and the support was granted 568 00:33:22,900 --> 00:33:25,858 mустафа hаем, a founder of one of ukraine's new media 569 00:33:25,858 --> 00:33:28,778 muatafa naem: good evening or better good night 570 00:33:29,930 --> 00:33:33,413 narrator: Громадське tv knew very well how to make something go viral 571 00:33:33,647 --> 00:33:37,966 it was his notorious post on facebook on november 21st of 2013 572 00:33:39,952 --> 00:33:42,362 that have lead the first crowd to maidan 573 00:33:42,733 --> 00:33:45,312 muatafa naem: I made this post just to check 574 00:33:45,313 --> 00:33:48,273 if there are any willing people or we were just talking 575 00:33:51,545 --> 00:33:54,414 narrator: if you don't read the newspaper, you're uninformed 576 00:33:54,414 --> 00:33:57,750 if you read the newspaper, you're misinformed 577 00:33:57,750 --> 00:33:58,250 mark twain 578 00:33:59,643 --> 00:34:03,153 to be heard in this modern world of media and social networks 579 00:34:04,599 --> 00:34:06,319 you got to embrace them all 580 00:34:06,889 --> 00:34:10,839 as the disturbing events of euromaidan started on november 21 of 2013 581 00:34:12,487 --> 00:34:14,678 3 new tv channels went on the air 582 00:34:15,812 --> 00:34:18,152 and immediately gained great popularity 583 00:34:18,741 --> 00:34:21,610 spilno tv found on november 21st 2013 584 00:34:24,241 --> 00:34:27,130 hromadske tv found on november 22nd 2013 585 00:34:27,989 --> 00:34:30,418 espresso tv found on november 24th 2013 586 00:34:30,681 --> 00:34:33,461 broadcasting directly from opposition protests 587 00:34:33,664 --> 00:34:35,334 these channels went viral 588 00:34:35,475 --> 00:34:37,143 openly supporting protests 589 00:34:37,193 --> 00:34:40,533 and encouraging more and more people to come to maidan 590 00:34:40,772 --> 00:34:44,677 vitaliy zaharchenko: the first mass actions began november 21st 2013 591 00:34:44,897 --> 00:34:46,860 at first they were peaceful actions 592 00:34:46,960 --> 00:34:49,610 a lot of different types of people were coming 593 00:34:50,420 --> 00:34:52,772 young and old, some of them brought children 594 00:34:55,139 --> 00:34:58,689 it was clear that they trust the government and the police also 595 00:35:00,390 --> 00:35:05,160 they were walking free and there were no hints that any force will be used against them 596 00:35:09,865 --> 00:35:14,904 so the law enforcement officers were doing their job of protecting the order without firearms 597 00:35:17,950 --> 00:35:21,500 but among those protesters some radicals were already spotted 598 00:35:28,568 --> 00:35:32,378 they were connected with far-right parties and neo-nazi organizations 599 00:35:39,785 --> 00:35:42,955 so on november 24th they did the first aggressive action 600 00:35:47,650 --> 00:35:50,765 on november 24-th the first attack on government office was made 601 00:35:51,225 --> 00:35:55,500 and also the first attack on the police officers that were guarding it 602 00:36:00,885 --> 00:36:04,206 the second attack on the ukrainian security service officers 603 00:36:04,374 --> 00:36:06,214 happened on november 25th 604 00:36:06,357 --> 00:36:08,967 then the notorious events of november 30th 605 00:36:10,190 --> 00:36:14,470 narrator: november 30th of 2013 became the first turning point of the maidan 606 00:36:14,470 --> 00:36:17,839 though the events of that night were widely covered in press 607 00:36:17,840 --> 00:36:20,280 the truth about what exactly happened is still uncertain 608 00:36:20,506 --> 00:36:24,205 vitaliy zaharchenko: i will tell you how i personally saw these events 609 00:36:24,535 --> 00:36:26,400 i got a call from popov 610 00:36:26,727 --> 00:36:28,926 the head of the kiev administration 611 00:36:29,759 --> 00:36:33,829 he said that they would like to begin installing the equipment for the christmas tree on the square 612 00:36:36,664 --> 00:36:40,684 i explained him that while people are on the square it shouldn't be done 613 00:36:43,145 --> 00:36:46,205 at about 1am when people began to leave the square 614 00:36:48,260 --> 00:36:51,510 i had a talk with the head of the ukrainian security service 615 00:36:52,967 --> 00:36:56,470 i asked his opinion on the current situation and he said 616 00:36:58,834 --> 00:37:02,933 “i suppose, thank god, it's over. we have an information that it is over.” 617 00:37:04,627 --> 00:37:08,747 because since November 21st i was literally living and sleeping in my office 618 00:37:09,676 --> 00:37:12,576 if i was lucky to have couple of hours a day to sleep 619 00:37:13,207 --> 00:37:16,707 at about 3am i came to my home, set-up my alarm for 6:30am 620 00:37:18,682 --> 00:37:21,151 first thing in the morning i turned on my tv 621 00:37:22,654 --> 00:37:24,114 it was set to channel 5 622 00:37:27,426 --> 00:37:29,686 and it showed a lot of ambulance cars 623 00:37:31,488 --> 00:37:33,147 and a lot of injured people 624 00:37:33,332 --> 00:37:35,342 reporter: armed with rubber bats 625 00:37:35,342 --> 00:37:37,372 police officers were attacking the protesters 626 00:37:37,372 --> 00:37:39,533 it happened early in the morning 627 00:37:39,534 --> 00:37:42,574 the witnesses say that the police were indeed using the rubber bats 628 00:37:42,574 --> 00:37:45,914 vitaliy zaharchenko: honestly it just hit me with a cold sweat 629 00:37:47,363 --> 00:37:50,252 yanukovich: my first reaction on maidan protesters 630 00:37:50,642 --> 00:37:52,741 being hurt by the police was instant 631 00:37:54,416 --> 00:37:57,796 we had to investigate who ordered to disperse the protesters 632 00:37:58,947 --> 00:38:00,547 to use force against them 633 00:38:02,484 --> 00:38:04,540 i was against using force 634 00:38:05,490 --> 00:38:07,970 against violating the human rights 635 00:38:10,913 --> 00:38:15,730 zaharchenko: there is no way popov could make such a decision by himself 636 00:38:16,974 --> 00:38:19,404 and who was the highest official for him? 637 00:38:20,738 --> 00:38:24,798 the highest official for popov was a head of the president's administration 638 00:38:27,139 --> 00:38:28,279 sergei liovochkin 639 00:38:29,762 --> 00:38:32,188 narrator: coincidentally, sergei liovochkin 640 00:38:32,188 --> 00:38:34,738 was a close associate of many us politicians 641 00:38:36,580 --> 00:38:39,488 the ukrainian security service had evidence that on that night 642 00:38:40,370 --> 00:38:43,267 Лёвочкин contacted with the opposition leader Яенюк 643 00:38:44,290 --> 00:38:48,860 and discussed the disperse of maidan with installing the christmas tree as an excuse 644 00:38:50,886 --> 00:38:56,516 the news media reported that the police cold-blooded attacked students peacefully sleeping in their tents 645 00:38:57,860 --> 00:39:00,397 but scenes from the event seem to tell a different story 646 00:39:00,984 --> 00:39:04,940 it appears that the protesters were expecting the police 647 00:39:05,254 --> 00:39:09,953 there were dozens of journalists, and cameras from the new tv channels already there 648 00:39:11,155 --> 00:39:17,225 but the most suspicious was a group of well trained young men that arrived practically at the same time as police 649 00:39:19,745 --> 00:39:24,602 they spread in the crowd and began provoking the police with insults, stones and torches 650 00:39:27,950 --> 00:39:30,310 robert perry: the right sector in ukraine 651 00:39:30,544 --> 00:39:33,183 represents the far-right ukrainian population 652 00:39:34,703 --> 00:39:37,973 they often had their militias that were coming to maidan 653 00:39:43,506 --> 00:39:47,560 some squads were shipped into kiev as muscle for the demonstrations 654 00:39:51,834 --> 00:39:54,394 the demonstrations ran from being peaceful 655 00:39:54,517 --> 00:39:56,327 to being increasingly violent 656 00:39:56,979 --> 00:39:59,448 narrator: the first step in any investigation 657 00:39:59,612 --> 00:40:01,152 is to to find the motive 658 00:40:02,861 --> 00:40:05,300 it is now known that sergei liovochkin 659 00:40:05,300 --> 00:40:07,830 has the highest favor among his us friends 660 00:40:09,792 --> 00:40:12,542 outraged about what was reported on the news 661 00:40:13,644 --> 00:40:15,624 people came out the next day 662 00:40:16,690 --> 00:40:18,959 to express their disturbance by the actions of police 663 00:40:19,431 --> 00:40:21,971 stone: the violence started to take off when? 664 00:40:22,154 --> 00:40:26,134 yanukovich: unlawful actions practically began on december of 2013 665 00:40:30,658 --> 00:40:34,198 the events taking place at that time in kiev were very radical 666 00:40:36,314 --> 00:40:38,913 neo-nazi organizations took part in them 667 00:40:39,357 --> 00:40:42,927 young men that were armed with different improvised weapons 668 00:40:44,530 --> 00:40:47,462 such as iron bars, baseball bats and even vehicles were used 669 00:40:50,866 --> 00:40:54,416 like tractors, they were using tractors to attack the police officers 670 00:40:56,581 --> 00:41:01,581 that were defending the government institutions and the president's administration building 671 00:41:03,730 --> 00:41:07,730 how could a president come out to talk to such an uncontrollable crowd? 672 00:41:11,109 --> 00:41:12,379 whom to talk to? 673 00:41:14,603 --> 00:41:19,730 the technologies used at that time, they were planned beforehand 674 00:41:25,741 --> 00:41:29,281 narrator: as veiled and masked as the color revolutions may be 675 00:41:29,409 --> 00:41:33,289 an attentive viewer can see a subtle pattern revealing their true nature 676 00:41:37,617 --> 00:41:42,207 to make crowds act like one group you have to unite them on the subconscious level 677 00:41:43,447 --> 00:41:47,567 masterminds of the color revolutions know that well and mastered this art 678 00:41:51,926 --> 00:41:55,516 symbolism is one of the most powerful tools to achieve this goal 679 00:41:55,822 --> 00:41:57,942 revolutionary political organizations 680 00:41:59,241 --> 00:42:02,761 with surprisingly similar names and even more similar symbols 681 00:42:03,383 --> 00:42:06,962 appear in those countries that are soon to be hit by revolutions 682 00:42:11,539 --> 00:42:14,479 they are often described as being aware and active 683 00:42:15,501 --> 00:42:17,361 but actually trained and radical 684 00:42:17,778 --> 00:42:20,618 they are the ones who take the first shot, literally 685 00:42:21,277 --> 00:42:23,307 to convert protests into outrage 686 00:42:27,839 --> 00:42:31,949 their fingerprints can be found everywhere on the map of color revolutions 687 00:42:34,769 --> 00:42:37,299 using all the experience of past generations 688 00:42:38,220 --> 00:42:39,779 simple but effective tools 689 00:42:41,380 --> 00:42:42,758 like chanting, do a great job 690 00:42:43,134 --> 00:42:46,505 crowd: together we are strong 691 00:42:46,505 --> 00:42:48,945 narrator: well know for exciting the crowd 692 00:42:49,548 --> 00:42:51,408 and creating a group identity 693 00:42:51,704 --> 00:42:53,704 they depersonalize the individuals 694 00:42:53,729 --> 00:42:56,249 and create a group that’s easily manipulated 695 00:42:56,371 --> 00:42:59,261 crowd: if you're not hopping then you're russian 696 00:42:59,611 --> 00:43:02,391 man on stage: thank you friends hail to ukraine 697 00:43:03,690 --> 00:43:04,759 crowd: hail to the heroes 698 00:43:06,410 --> 00:43:09,690 zaharchenko: of course it couldn't be done without money 699 00:43:11,963 --> 00:43:13,123 so many ngo's 700 00:43:13,964 --> 00:43:16,640 grants given to ukraine 701 00:43:17,424 --> 00:43:18,804 and it's not a secret 702 00:43:19,938 --> 00:43:22,708 narrator: incidentally, one of such organizations 703 00:43:22,948 --> 00:43:25,448 hromadske tv received generous donations 704 00:43:26,260 --> 00:43:28,288 from the dutch and us embassies 705 00:43:28,288 --> 00:43:31,788 as well as the renaissance foundation founded by george soros 706 00:43:33,421 --> 00:43:36,250 george soros: i've set up a foundation in ukraine 707 00:43:36,908 --> 00:43:40,980 before ukraine even became independent from russia 708 00:43:42,911 --> 00:43:46,100 and the foundation has been functioning ever since 709 00:43:47,328 --> 00:43:50,378 it played a significant role in the ukrainian events now 710 00:43:54,489 --> 00:43:55,919 narrator: i like criticism 711 00:43:55,919 --> 00:43:57,299 but it must be my way 712 00:43:57,299 --> 00:43:58,119 mark twain 713 00:43:58,543 --> 00:44:01,663 stone: did you see any evidence that the us is involved? 714 00:44:01,763 --> 00:44:03,893 did you feel the presence of the us? 715 00:44:04,309 --> 00:44:06,989 yanukovich: the us officials were often guests 716 00:44:07,880 --> 00:44:08,638 there were congressmen 717 00:44:09,663 --> 00:44:11,683 victoria nuland came very often 718 00:44:13,468 --> 00:44:15,448 we were discussing with her 719 00:44:17,111 --> 00:44:20,510 but after those discussions she was going to maidan 720 00:44:20,780 --> 00:44:24,190 to support the protesters and accuse the police of using force 721 00:44:27,393 --> 00:44:30,163 actually we saw all of those messages on maidan 722 00:44:31,910 --> 00:44:33,830 chris murphy: we will come here, at this square 723 00:44:34,191 --> 00:44:36,241 to celebrate with you and ukraine 724 00:44:37,459 --> 00:44:39,888 that stands together with the eu and us 725 00:44:42,251 --> 00:44:45,321 perry: well members of congress were visiting ukraine 726 00:44:45,557 --> 00:44:48,426 one of the most known was senator john mccain 727 00:44:49,130 --> 00:44:50,863 so the high us official 728 00:44:51,204 --> 00:44:53,594 the person who had run for president 729 00:44:53,804 --> 00:44:55,464 was talking to the people 730 00:44:55,621 --> 00:44:59,231 that were acting against their democratically elected government 731 00:44:59,321 --> 00:45:01,250 saying that the us is with them 732 00:45:01,740 --> 00:45:05,930 mccain: i'm senator john mccain and it's always a pleasure to be back in ukraine 733 00:45:06,457 --> 00:45:09,446 perry: senator mccain was giving people the feeling 734 00:45:10,339 --> 00:45:14,159 that they are being supported by the most powerful country on earth 735 00:45:14,557 --> 00:45:17,837 mccain: this is not about the future you want for your country 736 00:45:18,635 --> 00:45:20,755 this is about the future you deserve 737 00:45:22,560 --> 00:45:24,596 yanukovich: a lot of delegates were coming 738 00:45:25,408 --> 00:45:27,418 i was saying that one shouldn't 739 00:45:28,648 --> 00:45:30,528 first of all, say what isn't true 740 00:45:32,736 --> 00:45:35,725 one shouldn't take the side of the protesters 741 00:45:37,491 --> 00:45:40,881 and protect their rights and making the conflict worse with it 742 00:45:42,146 --> 00:45:45,386 when the protesters capture the government institutions 743 00:45:45,743 --> 00:45:48,253 tell me is it acceptable in any other country 744 00:45:48,888 --> 00:45:51,398 for instance if an ambassador of ukraine 745 00:45:52,190 --> 00:45:54,470 went to see the protesters in ferguson 746 00:45:55,522 --> 00:45:58,872 and give out cookies or pies and accuse the police of the us 747 00:46:00,152 --> 00:46:03,112 i consider this unacceptable in any country of the eu 748 00:46:04,550 --> 00:46:07,400 so why then ukraine was treated that way? 749 00:46:07,490 --> 00:46:10,560 stone: who was your highest level contact at that time? 750 00:46:10,838 --> 00:46:14,508 yanukovich: i was constantly in contact with mr biden 751 00:46:16,390 --> 00:46:18,660 i had regular phone talks with him 752 00:46:19,759 --> 00:46:22,949 but the thing is that mr biden was saying one thing 753 00:46:24,505 --> 00:46:27,885 and what was happening in ukraine was completely another 754 00:46:27,931 --> 00:46:29,841 stone: and the us ambassador? 755 00:46:29,900 --> 00:46:32,380 yanukovich: the us ambassador in ukraine 756 00:46:32,847 --> 00:46:36,267 was constantly receiving the maidan delegates in his embassy 757 00:46:37,191 --> 00:46:38,520 we knew it very well 758 00:46:39,739 --> 00:46:41,439 we were tracking this 759 00:46:42,578 --> 00:46:45,148 and we had the impression that there was 760 00:46:45,681 --> 00:46:48,971 a headquarters of this process inside of the us embassy 761 00:46:52,847 --> 00:46:54,807 perry: in early february of 2014 762 00:46:55,164 --> 00:46:57,704 as the maidan crisis became more violent 763 00:46:57,920 --> 00:47:00,870 there was a phone call that was intercepted between 764 00:47:01,153 --> 00:47:04,332 the assistant secretary of state in europe victoria nuland 765 00:47:04,333 --> 00:47:07,163 and the us ambassador in ukraine geoffrey pyatt 766 00:47:07,163 --> 00:47:10,433 reporter: one should question the credibility of ukrainians 767 00:47:10,507 --> 00:47:13,203 after a private chat of the top us ambassador 768 00:47:13,203 --> 00:47:14,533 was leaked online 769 00:47:14,746 --> 00:47:18,486 nuland: i think yats is the guy who's got the economic experience 770 00:47:18,659 --> 00:47:20,260 the governing experience 771 00:47:20,260 --> 00:47:23,823 he's the… what he needs is klitsch and tyahnybok on the outside 772 00:47:23,823 --> 00:47:25,573 i just think klitsch going in… 773 00:47:25,654 --> 00:47:28,594 he's going to be at that level working for yatseniuk 774 00:47:28,709 --> 00:47:30,328 it's just not going to work 775 00:47:30,563 --> 00:47:32,913 pyatt: yeah, no, i think that's right. ok 776 00:47:33,420 --> 00:47:36,542 good, do you want us to set up a call with him as the next step? 777 00:47:36,614 --> 00:47:38,844 nuland: sullivan's come back to me 778 00:47:38,888 --> 00:47:40,866 vfr [direct to me] saying you need biden 779 00:47:40,867 --> 00:47:42,517 and i said probably tomorrow 780 00:47:42,517 --> 00:47:44,669 for an atta-boy and to get the details to stick 781 00:47:44,669 --> 00:47:45,638 so biden's willing 782 00:47:46,333 --> 00:47:48,877 perry: so you had this remarkable phone call 783 00:47:48,877 --> 00:47:51,467 where two high officials in the us government 784 00:47:51,574 --> 00:47:53,334 are openly talking about coup 785 00:47:53,334 --> 00:47:56,551 and about how they're planning to dysfunction the government of ukraine 786 00:47:56,551 --> 00:47:57,839 nuland: fuck the eu 787 00:47:57,839 --> 00:47:58,868 pyatt: no, exactly 788 00:47:58,868 --> 00:48:02,620 perry: i'm not saying the whole us government is like this 789 00:48:02,620 --> 00:48:03,292 there is a division 790 00:48:03,890 --> 00:48:08,339 but for neocons it is very important to change the dynamics in the eastern europe 791 00:48:12,291 --> 00:48:13,591 they are very smart 792 00:48:14,110 --> 00:48:16,711 the neocons are highly skilled in propaganda 793 00:48:17,141 --> 00:48:20,611 they know well all of the push points of the american people 794 00:48:21,667 --> 00:48:26,697 they had this experience when they were heating things up around central america in 1980s 795 00:48:27,358 --> 00:48:33,158 reporter: the sandinista ground forces are now armed with Russian artillery 796 00:48:33,335 --> 00:48:36,685 perry: they've been applying the same strategies ever since 797 00:48:36,958 --> 00:48:40,280 they were being very dedicated to achieving their goals 798 00:48:40,280 --> 00:48:42,707 they still want to get rid of certain governments 799 00:48:42,708 --> 00:48:45,158 they want a regime change in syria, in iran 800 00:48:46,209 --> 00:48:47,788 they're very skilled at this 801 00:48:47,936 --> 00:48:50,956 they have a lot of allies in the media and government 802 00:48:51,461 --> 00:48:55,270 and that means they have a lot of influence on creating the narrative 803 00:48:55,535 --> 00:48:58,150 robert kagan: i think in america these days 804 00:48:58,193 --> 00:49:00,253 we have somehow sold ourselves 805 00:49:00,482 --> 00:49:01,752 that there are a lot of ways of dealing with this problem 806 00:49:01,752 --> 00:49:03,215 other than hard power 807 00:49:03,215 --> 00:49:06,435 vladimir putin cares about hard power 808 00:49:06,686 --> 00:49:10,306 perry: the neocons are now demonizing the leader of the country 809 00:49:10,894 --> 00:49:12,953 that sells to the american people 810 00:49:13,582 --> 00:49:16,672 so you don't just argue the policy, you attack the leader 811 00:49:17,648 --> 00:49:21,116 the neocons are very skilled at picking out leaders features 812 00:49:23,176 --> 00:49:24,926 and then highlighting them 813 00:49:25,746 --> 00:49:29,166 for yanukovich you can say that he is a hulking political leader 814 00:49:29,760 --> 00:49:31,900 but he was turned into a devil 815 00:49:32,533 --> 00:49:36,323 he is thoroughly corrupt, evil that wants to kill people on maidan 816 00:49:36,351 --> 00:49:38,771 those innocent wonderful demonstrators 817 00:49:38,771 --> 00:49:41,341 in that way we now have the villain and the victim 818 00:49:41,341 --> 00:49:43,601 and then you keep repeating that basic scenario 819 00:49:43,601 --> 00:49:44,957 and it works with american people 820 00:49:44,957 --> 00:49:47,596 mccain: you got to realize who vladimir putin is 821 00:49:47,596 --> 00:49:51,256 he's an old kgb that wants to restore the russian empire 822 00:49:52,364 --> 00:49:54,394 perrt: you make them demons 823 00:49:54,503 --> 00:49:57,824 and the american people find that this way they can understand the world 824 00:49:57,824 --> 00:50:01,634 once that happens the journalists or someone else find it hard to say 825 00:50:01,964 --> 00:50:06,727 'now hold on, there is no certain white hat and black hat it's all very complicated' 826 00:50:06,727 --> 00:50:11,136 and if you say that you're instantly branded as an apologist of yanukivich or putin 827 00:50:11,159 --> 00:50:13,790 the one, who dared to say that 828 00:50:13,790 --> 00:50:16,489 is now under attack no matter who it is - a journalist, academic or whatever 829 00:50:18,882 --> 00:50:21,192 narrator: any good director will tell you 830 00:50:21,329 --> 00:50:24,129 that tempo and rhythm are the main instruments 831 00:50:24,297 --> 00:50:26,247 to hold an audience's attention 832 00:50:28,327 --> 00:50:30,417 zaharchenko: the technology itself 833 00:50:30,680 --> 00:50:32,440 that was used in the maidan 834 00:50:33,222 --> 00:50:36,522 consisted of the necessity of the sacral victims, the sacrifice 835 00:50:37,223 --> 00:50:38,763 it's a part of technology 836 00:50:40,440 --> 00:50:41,783 narrator: it can also be called 837 00:50:41,783 --> 00:50:43,122 a method of betrayal 838 00:50:43,142 --> 00:50:46,221 when the allies are thrown into the revolutionary flame 839 00:50:49,893 --> 00:50:51,366 the idea is simple 840 00:50:51,366 --> 00:50:53,166 when the preparation is done 841 00:50:53,922 --> 00:50:56,400 all you need is a trigger to be pulled 842 00:50:56,840 --> 00:50:57,723 to set the chain on motion 843 00:50:59,915 --> 00:51:01,955 the murder of politician rafik hariri 844 00:51:02,686 --> 00:51:04,476 triggered the cedar revolution 845 00:51:06,438 --> 00:51:09,704 looking back at the mysterious poisoning of viktor ushenko 846 00:51:09,704 --> 00:51:12,124 right before the orange revolution in 2004 847 00:51:13,502 --> 00:51:16,502 we now see that he became the sacred victim himself 848 00:51:17,220 --> 00:51:18,959 most political analysts agree 849 00:51:19,138 --> 00:51:21,668 that the compassion of the ukrainian people 850 00:51:21,959 --> 00:51:24,259 tilted the scales towards his presidency 851 00:51:30,267 --> 00:51:34,527 the number of victims among protesters during euromaidan totalled over 100 852 00:51:36,565 --> 00:51:38,835 they were called the heavenly hundred 853 00:51:40,181 --> 00:51:42,341 and were immediately mythologized 854 00:51:46,514 --> 00:51:51,264 the beating of students on november 30 of 2013 was an obvious trigger for euromaidan 855 00:51:53,498 --> 00:51:56,468 those who sent trained provocateurs on the square 856 00:51:56,784 --> 00:52:01,174 very well realized that peaceful protesters were the ones to get hurt the most 857 00:52:03,147 --> 00:52:06,167 it's hard to keep the protests going for months on end 858 00:52:06,885 --> 00:52:09,135 the tension weakens, people get tired 859 00:52:11,600 --> 00:52:14,205 holidays are also big danger for revolution masterminds 860 00:52:15,310 --> 00:52:17,957 people want to get home to their family and friends 861 00:52:17,957 --> 00:52:21,366 and one needs to be inventive to keep them in the cold tents 862 00:52:36,745 --> 00:52:39,714 on december 25 of 2013 journalist tatiana chernovol 863 00:52:41,798 --> 00:52:44,517 was chosen to be a tool to fire up maidan again 864 00:52:46,628 --> 00:52:49,498 reporter: investigative journalist tatiana chernovol 865 00:52:49,680 --> 00:52:53,430 known for her investigations of corruption in ukrainian government 866 00:52:53,430 --> 00:52:55,830 was found beaten near kiev on christmas 867 00:52:56,374 --> 00:52:59,524 narrator: her heroic deeds look more like small crimes 868 00:53:00,267 --> 00:53:02,627 trespassing of the presidential residence 869 00:53:04,925 --> 00:53:07,105 the siege of kiev city's administration 870 00:53:08,144 --> 00:53:10,894 breaking into the car of ukraine's security service 871 00:53:12,139 --> 00:53:16,790 it looked like tatiana was willing to make the news rather than reporting them 872 00:53:17,738 --> 00:53:23,780 and gain the popularity that could be transformed into votes for her political party “the fatherland” 873 00:53:26,417 --> 00:53:30,537 the beating of tatiana chernovol became a real christmas gift for the media 874 00:53:31,576 --> 00:53:35,216 despite the fact that in just 3 days all the suspects were arrested 875 00:53:35,589 --> 00:53:38,900 and confessed that it was a road accident 876 00:53:39,686 --> 00:53:43,566 the world media kept insisting on a political background for that crime 877 00:53:45,304 --> 00:53:47,724 instantly tatiana became a heroic martyr 878 00:53:48,181 --> 00:53:50,151 uniting people around her image 879 00:53:50,388 --> 00:53:52,478 reporter: the beating of a journalist 880 00:53:52,478 --> 00:53:55,198 among the political turmoil caused protests 881 00:53:55,897 --> 00:53:59,300 narrator: the euromaidan was once again a center stage 882 00:53:59,300 --> 00:54:01,300 and tatiana in less than 2 months 883 00:54:01,549 --> 00:54:03,259 was already healthy enough 884 00:54:03,513 --> 00:54:05,893 to attack the office of “the regions party” 885 00:54:05,946 --> 00:54:08,176 the political party of viktor yanukovich 886 00:54:08,269 --> 00:54:09,979 tatiana chernovol: this is the place 887 00:54:09,979 --> 00:54:11,609 where the people that beat me came from 888 00:54:11,610 --> 00:54:13,150 this is the nest of this criminal mafia government 889 00:54:13,150 --> 00:54:14,760 the death squads are also being controlled from here 890 00:54:15,172 --> 00:54:16,694 narrator: one of the staff 891 00:54:16,694 --> 00:54:18,991 65-year old it specialist vladimir zaharov 892 00:54:19,981 --> 00:54:21,641 was killed during the attack 893 00:54:23,761 --> 00:54:25,291 so, where is tatiana now? 894 00:54:26,710 --> 00:54:30,340 well, she finally got her position of power in the new government 895 00:54:32,360 --> 00:54:34,696 one month later the time came for another act 896 00:54:36,640 --> 00:54:38,614 armenian ukrainian protester sergei nigoyan 897 00:54:39,262 --> 00:54:41,542 was one of the first to arrive on maidan 898 00:54:42,118 --> 00:54:43,778 he wasn't radical or violent 899 00:54:43,980 --> 00:54:46,710 but instead was full of hope for the better future 900 00:54:47,370 --> 00:54:49,317 watching sergei read the patriotic poem 901 00:54:49,415 --> 00:54:52,555 is like watching a casting for the role of the sacred victim 902 00:54:52,894 --> 00:54:54,633 sergei nigoyan: keep fighting 903 00:54:54,667 --> 00:54:57,307 you are sure to win god helps you in your fight 904 00:54:57,392 --> 00:55:00,531 for fame and freedom march with you right at your side 905 00:55:01,841 --> 00:55:04,400 narrator: unfortunately sergei got the part 906 00:55:07,982 --> 00:55:10,362 the video went viral after sergei was killed 907 00:55:10,407 --> 00:55:12,847 early in the morning on January 22 of 2014 908 00:55:15,929 --> 00:55:19,219 the circumstances of his death remain unknown to this day 909 00:55:20,343 --> 00:55:23,232 even though the whole event was constantly filmed 910 00:55:25,198 --> 00:55:28,558 there were no records or witnesses to help the investigation 911 00:55:29,378 --> 00:55:32,828 and his body was removed immediately from the crime scene 912 00:55:33,569 --> 00:55:36,169 sergei became the first martyr of euromaidan 913 00:55:38,570 --> 00:55:41,156 police officers were appointed as his killers 914 00:55:41,156 --> 00:55:44,636 almost 2 years later the official investigation still has no results 915 00:55:48,254 --> 00:55:53,584 now it's widely believed that he was killed by provocateurs to escalate the conflict 916 00:56:00,256 --> 00:56:02,866 god speaks to people in the language of signs 917 00:56:03,591 --> 00:56:06,560 on January 26 2014 pope francis prayed for ukraine 918 00:56:08,860 --> 00:56:11,216 addressing thousands of people on saint peter's square 919 00:56:17,846 --> 00:56:21,446 after the prayer two white doves were released from the window 920 00:56:21,799 --> 00:56:24,884 and were immediately attacked by a crow and a seagull 921 00:56:25,285 --> 00:56:27,484 those who understand the symbolism 922 00:56:27,678 --> 00:56:30,598 easily read this event as that soon two great powers 923 00:56:31,473 --> 00:56:33,603 represented by a crow and a seagull 924 00:56:34,285 --> 00:56:37,415 will be tearing apart two slavic nations – the white doves 925 00:56:37,715 --> 00:56:40,265 this omen gave hope to the ukrainian people 926 00:56:40,631 --> 00:56:43,341 saying that by god's will two doves will be saved 927 00:56:44,247 --> 00:56:47,337 but it also predicted severe hardship and many victims 928 00:56:51,795 --> 00:56:57,500 the events, that made the history of color revolutions as the most massive in human sacrifice yet 929 00:56:58,710 --> 00:57:01,210 arrived right on schedule - one month later 930 00:57:05,806 --> 00:57:07,666 reporter: during the last weeks 931 00:57:08,190 --> 00:57:11,380 this european capital was caught in a violent uprising 932 00:57:11,384 --> 00:57:13,194 today is the bloodiest day yet 933 00:57:13,711 --> 00:57:17,711 the protesters are advancing towards the government region of the city 934 00:57:19,922 --> 00:57:22,162 they are armed with molotov cocktails 935 00:57:22,623 --> 00:57:24,813 we also saw handguns and shotguns 936 00:57:24,983 --> 00:57:27,113 there are casualties from both sides 937 00:57:27,583 --> 00:57:30,433 she just said that there are 6 dead people up there 938 00:57:30,761 --> 00:57:32,991 not just injured, dead, shot by snipers 939 00:57:33,294 --> 00:57:36,984 zaharchenko: on february 20 the police officers were being shot at 940 00:57:39,386 --> 00:57:42,666 yanukovich: i got this information that snipers are shooting 941 00:57:43,185 --> 00:57:45,515 and there are casualties from both sides 942 00:57:46,586 --> 00:57:50,176 zaharchenko: the conservatory is where the first shots were from 943 00:57:50,510 --> 00:57:53,310 this place was under control of the maidan forces 944 00:57:54,531 --> 00:57:59,000 narrator: and here again we see our old friend from “narodniy ruh” andriy parubiy 945 00:58:00,143 --> 00:58:02,730 who was at the peak of his glory 946 00:58:02,730 --> 00:58:04,493 as a self-proclaimed maidan commandant 947 00:58:05,864 --> 00:58:08,864 which in fact means – leader of the radical opposition 948 00:58:10,108 --> 00:58:11,948 Парубій: we had warned them 949 00:58:12,638 --> 00:58:14,668 that maidan may take more action 950 00:58:15,289 --> 00:58:18,990 if our demands aren't fulfilled in the next days 951 00:58:21,623 --> 00:58:23,383 putin: it was to spread chaos 952 00:58:24,134 --> 00:58:27,624 and certainly yanukovich wouldn't benefit from growing chaos 953 00:58:32,400 --> 00:58:34,730 reporter: here you can see protesters escorting 954 00:58:34,730 --> 00:58:36,517 a line of special forces officers 955 00:58:36,517 --> 00:58:38,772 it's still not clear where they are taking them 956 00:58:38,773 --> 00:58:41,103 67 officers are officially declared missing 957 00:58:41,140 --> 00:58:43,620 stone: 14 officers dead, 43 wounded, right? 958 00:58:44,964 --> 00:58:48,744 zaharchenko: 20 people dead and more than 150 with gun wounds 959 00:58:53,279 --> 00:58:55,999 yanukovich: then it was clear, on february 20-21 960 00:58:57,524 --> 00:58:59,894 that an armed overthrow was happening 961 00:59:04,319 --> 00:59:06,739 reporter: opposition leader vitaliy klitchko 962 00:59:07,609 --> 00:59:09,489 called his followers to stay alert 963 00:59:10,857 --> 00:59:13,570 each of you here should stand strong, he said 964 00:59:14,553 --> 00:59:17,330 because we're not going anywhere 965 00:59:20,226 --> 00:59:22,226 yanukovich: at that same period 966 00:59:23,202 --> 00:59:25,502 we were negotiating with the opposition 967 00:59:25,865 --> 00:59:27,685 and very often we agreed, but 968 00:59:28,571 --> 00:59:30,810 as i found out later, it was just a game 969 00:59:31,325 --> 00:59:34,884 the part of the opposition that didn't take part in the negotiation 970 00:59:35,507 --> 00:59:37,407 the radical one, they didn't care 971 00:59:37,407 --> 00:59:38,837 and listened to no one 972 00:59:39,681 --> 00:59:41,221 they were doing their job 973 00:59:46,979 --> 00:59:49,819 narrator: like in 2004 during the orange revolution 974 00:59:50,263 --> 00:59:52,783 the international leaders felt that it was time 975 00:59:53,542 --> 00:59:56,302 to interfere and put both sides of the negotiation 976 00:59:56,682 --> 00:59:59,642 putin: three european foreign ministers came to kiev 977 01:00:10,183 --> 01:00:14,883 putin: they took part in the meeting between president yanukovich and the opposition 978 01:00:15,344 --> 01:00:18,784 agreed on carrying out a presidential election before schedule 979 01:00:19,210 --> 01:00:23,501 agreed on the ways of building relations between the president and the opposition 980 01:00:26,515 --> 01:00:30,955 the ukrainian president and the leaders of the opposition have agreed on a truce 981 01:00:36,890 --> 01:00:39,239 just like in 2004 the opposition or at least its radical faction 982 01:00:41,479 --> 01:00:43,848 the right sector, lead by dmitriy yarosh 983 01:00:44,734 --> 01:00:47,674 had no intention of fulfilling his part of the bargain 984 01:00:48,942 --> 01:00:52,942 dmitriy yarosh: the achieved agreements do not comply with our expectations 985 01:00:53,556 --> 01:00:56,560 the right sector will not lower the weapons 986 01:00:57,404 --> 01:01:01,740 the right sector will not unblock any of the government institutions 987 01:01:02,413 --> 01:01:04,423 until our main demand is fulfilled 988 01:01:04,893 --> 01:01:07,300 the resignation of viktor yanukovich 989 01:01:10,559 --> 01:01:12,949 yanukovich: i have signed such document 990 01:01:14,783 --> 01:01:18,473 but a bit later i understood that whatever document we are to sign 991 01:01:18,835 --> 01:01:22,850 the overthrow scenario was planned and it was imminent 992 01:01:26,804 --> 01:01:29,264 so, basically none of our actions mattered 993 01:01:30,183 --> 01:01:32,403 radoslaw sikorski: if you don't sign this 994 01:01:32,424 --> 01:01:33,964 you will have martial law 995 01:01:33,964 --> 01:01:35,614 the army, you'll all be dead 996 01:01:35,724 --> 01:01:37,454 the opposition leaders said 997 01:01:37,454 --> 01:01:40,214 that they have found a way to end the bloodshed 998 01:01:40,214 --> 01:01:43,974 but first they wanted to announce the conclusion of the negotiations 999 01:01:45,714 --> 01:01:48,564 it was soon clear that the protesters weren't happy 1000 01:01:50,101 --> 01:01:52,591 putin: so the next day mr viktor yanukovich 1001 01:01:53,645 --> 01:01:56,675 left to visit the second largest city in ukraine, xарьков 1002 01:01:58,130 --> 01:02:01,103 as soon as he left his office it was taken using weapons 1003 01:02:04,278 --> 01:02:05,667 what do you call that? 1004 01:02:07,635 --> 01:02:10,395 yanukovich: the thing is i flew there by helicopter 1005 01:02:11,904 --> 01:02:14,254 the escorting cars were going separately 1006 01:02:16,555 --> 01:02:18,134 but no one knew about it 1007 01:02:20,786 --> 01:02:24,146 so the escorting cars were going and they got under gunfire 1008 01:02:26,836 --> 01:02:31,350 also our intelligence had an information that there were special mercenaries 1009 01:02:34,870 --> 01:02:37,377 who's objective was not to capture the president, but to kill 1010 01:02:40,942 --> 01:02:43,882 so i asked for mr. putin's permission to go to russia 1011 01:02:46,602 --> 01:02:49,442 the permission was granted and also i was helped 1012 01:02:52,502 --> 01:02:54,892 on february 24th i got on russian territory 1013 01:03:02,511 --> 01:03:03,691 at the same time 1014 01:03:03,851 --> 01:03:07,341 kiev was saying the last goodbye to the victims of the massacre 1015 01:03:14,951 --> 01:03:18,951 it was also welcoming those who came to power on the cost of their lives 1016 01:03:20,120 --> 01:03:22,532 ukraine's parliament has voted for assigning 1017 01:03:22,666 --> 01:03:25,106 alexander turchinov as an acting president 1018 01:03:25,205 --> 01:03:28,825 he called the lawmakers to form the new government by tuesday 1019 01:03:30,207 --> 01:03:34,446 this event followed the dismount of president viktor yanukovich on saturday 1020 01:03:35,119 --> 01:03:37,239 perry: and they removed yanukovich 1021 01:03:37,239 --> 01:03:40,789 without following the constitutional procedure for impeachment 1022 01:03:40,979 --> 01:03:44,178 yanukovich: the impeachment procedure wasn't followed 1023 01:03:44,179 --> 01:03:46,609 the constitutional court had to be involved 1024 01:03:46,609 --> 01:03:48,799 the supreme court and it wasn't done 1025 01:03:48,984 --> 01:03:52,134 and ¾ of the deputies had to be voting in the parliament 1026 01:03:53,923 --> 01:03:56,772 the parliament of ukraine consists of 450 deputies 1027 01:03:57,638 --> 01:03:59,268 the constitution of ukraine 1028 01:03:59,331 --> 01:04:02,581 requires at least a ¾ majority of 338 deputies vote in favor 1029 01:04:05,487 --> 01:04:07,357 but only 328 deputies voted yes 1030 01:04:08,430 --> 01:04:10,859 they didn't have the ¾ of parliament votes 1031 01:04:11,599 --> 01:04:15,599 the us state department immediately called the new government legit 1032 01:04:15,986 --> 01:04:18,196 and it was a part of the coup scenario 1033 01:04:19,174 --> 01:04:21,544 in this way they eliminated the possibility 1034 01:04:21,944 --> 01:04:26,614 to revive the agreement of february 22 that could get viktor yanukovich back in power 1035 01:04:27,534 --> 01:04:29,854 then you had eastern ukraine resisting 1036 01:04:30,287 --> 01:04:33,857 crimea wanted to separate and the situation came out of control 1037 01:04:38,466 --> 01:04:43,136 on sunday the people are to decide whether they want to leave ukraine and join russia 1038 01:04:43,168 --> 01:04:47,168 the campaign with slogan 'together with russia' is being carried by moscow 1039 01:04:47,598 --> 01:04:51,298 the crimean referendum situation was also happening at that time 1040 01:04:51,941 --> 01:04:55,390 the crimean referendum was initiated by the people of crimea 1041 01:04:56,481 --> 01:05:01,621 it was their response to the maidan representatives' attempts to make the same coup in crimea 1042 01:05:04,644 --> 01:05:08,404 it is not a secret that the population of crimea was always pro-russia 1043 01:05:11,158 --> 01:05:13,948 crimean authorities, agreeing with the populace 1044 01:05:14,953 --> 01:05:17,523 fully supported viktor yanukovich's decision 1045 01:05:18,123 --> 01:05:21,263 to stall the signing of the 2013 trade agreement with eu 1046 01:05:26,490 --> 01:05:27,919 as the event in kiev took place 1047 01:05:28,235 --> 01:05:30,575 crimean authorities made a declaration: 1048 01:05:33,632 --> 01:05:36,822 “based on the will of the crimean people who elected us 1049 01:05:36,822 --> 01:05:40,572 we declare that we will not give crimea to extremists and neo-nazis 1050 01:05:40,609 --> 01:05:42,639 seeking to seize power in ukraine 1051 01:05:42,875 --> 01:05:45,925 at the cost of the blood of the country and its citizens” 1052 01:05:46,706 --> 01:05:48,586 after the regime change in kiev 1053 01:05:49,107 --> 01:05:51,167 rumors began spreading in crimea 1054 01:05:51,167 --> 01:05:54,817 that new authorities will be ruthless to the ones who oppose them 1055 01:05:54,817 --> 01:05:56,177 dmitriy yarosh: hail to ukraine 1056 01:05:56,177 --> 01:05:57,707 crowd: hail to the heroes 1057 01:05:57,707 --> 01:06:00,116 this lead to the pro-russia demonstrations 1058 01:06:00,117 --> 01:06:04,270 of the people that aren't in agreement with the new government in kiev 1059 01:06:04,270 --> 01:06:07,667 on february 27 the government institution in the capital of crimea 1060 01:06:07,667 --> 01:06:09,797 was seized by pro-russia protesters 1061 01:06:11,533 --> 01:06:13,863 the crimean government was dismissed 1062 01:06:14,608 --> 01:06:16,748 and the new leader cергей aксёнов 1063 01:06:17,940 --> 01:06:20,614 was assigned as the leader of the crimean autonomous republic 1064 01:06:23,740 --> 01:06:27,254 they certainly were hoping and asking the russian government for protection 1065 01:06:29,750 --> 01:06:32,430 on march 16 the crimean referendum was held 1066 01:06:33,431 --> 01:06:35,791 and the people voted for leaving ukraine 1067 01:06:36,374 --> 01:06:38,444 and entering the russian federation 1068 01:06:39,471 --> 01:06:42,961 the situation in crimea has been presented as russian invasion 1069 01:06:44,160 --> 01:06:46,116 and again, nobody takes it seriously 1070 01:06:46,116 --> 01:06:47,626 look at the poll numbers 1071 01:06:47,626 --> 01:06:50,786 some of them were done by the us agencies themselves 1072 01:06:50,786 --> 01:06:53,616 showing that people of crimea want to join russia 1073 01:06:53,616 --> 01:06:56,576 but in the us news media it's all been presented as 1074 01:06:57,239 --> 01:06:59,379 russian invading and faking this vote 1075 01:07:00,426 --> 01:07:03,678 where people were voting literally at gun point 1076 01:07:03,678 --> 01:07:07,180 and that's how they got 96% of the votes for joining russia 1077 01:07:09,111 --> 01:07:12,821 the idea of referendum in crimea is quite simply unconstitutional 1078 01:07:14,129 --> 01:07:17,509 there are questions whether this vote was really free and fair 1079 01:07:18,120 --> 01:07:21,880 especially considering the military presence of russia in crimea now 1080 01:07:22,306 --> 01:07:25,360 so that's how it's shown to the american people 1081 01:07:25,360 --> 01:07:26,646 the reality is very different 1082 01:07:27,433 --> 01:07:30,136 the atmosphere here is certainly remarkable 1083 01:07:30,136 --> 01:07:33,206 thousands of people gathered in the capital of crimea 1084 01:07:33,206 --> 01:07:35,386 this is happening after last sunday 1085 01:07:36,886 --> 01:07:41,346 when the referendum was held where the majority voted for reuniting with russia 1086 01:07:44,000 --> 01:07:45,360 crowd: russia, russia 1087 01:07:46,147 --> 01:07:47,327 i'd like to ask you 1088 01:07:47,327 --> 01:07:48,607 what is democracy? 1089 01:07:48,699 --> 01:07:51,669 democracy is a policy based on the will of the people 1090 01:07:53,286 --> 01:07:55,616 how do you know the will of the people? 1091 01:07:57,590 --> 01:07:59,950 in the modern world it's done by voting 1092 01:08:01,659 --> 01:08:05,959 over 90% of people came and over 90% of those people voted for joining russia 1093 01:08:07,508 --> 01:08:09,897 the will of the people has to be respected 1094 01:08:11,405 --> 01:08:14,485 don't bend international law and democracy principles 1095 01:08:14,485 --> 01:08:17,715 according to your current geopolitical interests every time 1096 01:08:21,831 --> 01:08:25,110 we had no combats there, no shooting, no one was killed 1097 01:08:30,462 --> 01:08:33,752 what is described by the west as russian invasion in crimea 1098 01:08:34,870 --> 01:08:37,140 is in fact a presence of russian soldiers 1099 01:08:38,595 --> 01:08:39,875 can you clarify that? 1100 01:08:40,224 --> 01:08:42,644 russian soldiers in crimea, as it is known 1101 01:08:43,899 --> 01:08:47,629 were there for ages, because the black sea naval base was in crimea 1102 01:08:49,268 --> 01:08:52,598 as long as 1804 the cевастополь naval base 1103 01:08:53,337 --> 01:08:57,337 became the main naval base of the russian empire on the black sea 1104 01:08:59,131 --> 01:09:03,431 during the 2nd world war heroic defense of cевастополь lasted almost a year 1105 01:09:04,340 --> 01:09:06,730 and took hundreds of thousands of lives 1106 01:09:10,611 --> 01:09:12,671 therefore the naval base in crimea 1107 01:09:12,751 --> 01:09:16,101 has a legacy of historical pride for the russian black sea fleet 1108 01:09:16,764 --> 01:09:19,904 as well as being of huge strategic importance 1109 01:09:20,278 --> 01:09:22,508 in 1962 during the ongoing arms race 1110 01:09:23,420 --> 01:09:25,442 the USSR began sending rockets to cuba 1111 01:09:28,320 --> 01:09:30,362 those of us alive at that time remember 1112 01:09:31,341 --> 01:09:34,310 how frightened and angry we were by that fact 1113 01:09:35,535 --> 01:09:38,115 and how it nearly grew into a nuclear conflict 1114 01:09:38,694 --> 01:09:42,334 because the weapon of such power was based that close to the us 1115 01:09:47,570 --> 01:09:49,557 if the us considers cuba to be its backyard 1116 01:09:51,947 --> 01:09:54,407 then crimea is merely at russia's doorstep 1117 01:09:55,921 --> 01:09:59,921 what are the consequences of the us or nato capturing that naval base? 1118 01:10:00,550 --> 01:10:01,450 very dramatic 1119 01:10:02,119 --> 01:10:04,209 because base itself means nothing 1120 01:10:06,504 --> 01:10:08,914 but there is one thing i'd like to focus on 1121 01:10:10,562 --> 01:10:13,962 why do you think we are reacting on growth of nato so much 1122 01:10:14,811 --> 01:10:17,380 we're worried by its decision making practice 1123 01:10:18,413 --> 01:10:19,772 i know how it's done 1124 01:10:20,861 --> 01:10:23,260 when countries become a nato member 1125 01:10:24,610 --> 01:10:28,610 it's very hard for them to resist the pressure from such a large country 1126 01:10:28,930 --> 01:10:31,240 which is the leader of nato, the usa 1127 01:10:31,417 --> 01:10:34,107 and than anything can appear there very easily 1128 01:10:34,227 --> 01:10:38,227 missile defense systems, new bases, new offensive systems, if needed 1129 01:10:38,616 --> 01:10:40,146 and what should we do? 1130 01:10:41,973 --> 01:10:43,633 we're forced to counteract 1131 01:10:44,900 --> 01:10:48,779 meaning putting those objects that are threatening us on the aim of our missile systems 1132 01:10:50,159 --> 01:10:51,638 the situation is stressful 1133 01:10:51,864 --> 01:10:55,324 sergei lavrov: if we're being attacked we will definitely respond 1134 01:10:56,147 --> 01:10:57,967 you know, it seems to me that 1135 01:10:58,870 --> 01:11:01,740 i don't always understand the logic of our partners 1136 01:11:02,269 --> 01:11:04,479 sometimes i have the impression that 1137 01:11:05,284 --> 01:11:07,263 they need to set better discipline 1138 01:11:09,559 --> 01:11:11,989 set things straight in their atlantic enclave 1139 01:11:13,310 --> 01:11:14,611 and it requires an enemy 1140 01:11:15,577 --> 01:11:17,427 iran does not fit this part at all 1141 01:11:18,889 --> 01:11:22,279 i am concerned about the expansion of nato 1142 01:11:22,511 --> 01:11:25,811 it has expanded by 13 countries up to the borders of russia 1143 01:11:25,860 --> 01:11:26,809 13 countries 1144 01:11:27,684 --> 01:11:29,564 this is a very dangerous topic 1145 01:11:29,740 --> 01:11:31,280 we are talking about war 1146 01:11:32,111 --> 01:11:33,951 war between russia and the us 1147 01:11:35,128 --> 01:11:36,407 it's sheer madness 1148 01:11:44,110 --> 01:11:45,519 in early spring of 2014 1149 01:11:46,580 --> 01:11:48,418 eastern ukraine had also risen 1150 01:11:48,928 --> 01:11:51,178 against the new ukrainian government 1151 01:11:52,148 --> 01:11:53,688 this region's population 1152 01:11:53,948 --> 01:11:56,798 both culturally and geographically close to russia 1153 01:11:57,241 --> 01:12:00,211 feared that the newly formed ultra-right government 1154 01:12:01,132 --> 01:12:03,451 would cause the growth of nationalism 1155 01:12:03,582 --> 01:12:05,542 and they had reasons to worry 1156 01:12:07,231 --> 01:12:11,781 the status of the russian language in ukraine was one of the key questions for years 1157 01:12:12,955 --> 01:12:15,905 declaring the russian language as the second official 1158 01:12:15,905 --> 01:12:19,905 was one of the key points of viktor yanukovich's presidential campaign 1159 01:12:20,630 --> 01:12:23,390 in 2012 yanukovich's government passed a law 1160 01:12:23,456 --> 01:12:27,136 that declared russian the second official language in those regions 1161 01:12:27,136 --> 01:12:30,826 where more than 10% of the population consider it as their native 1162 01:12:30,826 --> 01:12:33,186 mostly on the east and south of ukraine 1163 01:12:33,186 --> 01:12:37,186 the ukrainian nationalists initiated massive protests opposing the law 1164 01:12:37,948 --> 01:12:41,228 and an attentive observer can see here a few familiar faces 1165 01:12:41,445 --> 01:12:44,355 oleg tyagnibok: we have shown that those bastards 1166 01:12:44,355 --> 01:12:46,134 those gangs can be defeated 1167 01:12:47,639 --> 01:12:49,199 on february 23rd of 2014 1168 01:12:50,265 --> 01:12:52,675 the very next day after the regime change 1169 01:12:53,484 --> 01:12:57,484 the new government voted to denote the official status of the russian language 1170 01:12:58,805 --> 01:13:04,350 and even though later acting president alexander turchinov vetoed this act, it still sent a message 1171 01:13:07,425 --> 01:13:09,885 this alarmed the russian-speaking regions 1172 01:13:10,781 --> 01:13:13,271 and they went on the streets to protest 1173 01:13:15,848 --> 01:13:19,848 in response the maidan supporters carried out their own demonstrations 1174 01:13:20,666 --> 01:13:23,676 when the two parties met the tension was growing 1175 01:13:23,739 --> 01:13:25,119 and it lead to tragedy 1176 01:13:28,452 --> 01:13:30,992 one person died and about 50 were injured 1177 01:13:31,560 --> 01:13:35,656 in clashes during the pro-russian march to protest against the new kiev government 1178 01:13:38,500 --> 01:13:42,500 on april 6 the crimean scenario began repeating in eastern ukraine 1179 01:13:43,374 --> 01:13:47,374 the protesters seized the government institutions and the next day 1180 01:13:48,526 --> 01:13:51,666 april 7 they proclaimed the people's republic of donetsk 1181 01:13:52,871 --> 01:13:56,871 kiev replied by announcing an anti-terrorist operation in eastern ukraine 1182 01:14:01,835 --> 01:14:06,615 by that time the international media was screaming about a russian invasion in ukraine 1183 01:14:07,531 --> 01:14:10,271 russia could be on the verge of invading ukraine 1184 01:14:11,294 --> 01:14:14,104 but disregarding such strong words in the media 1185 01:14:14,265 --> 01:14:17,215 the ukrainian authorities never declared a war state 1186 01:14:17,381 --> 01:14:17,981 why? 1187 01:14:18,720 --> 01:14:21,492 imf cannot give money to countries engaged in ongoing war 1188 01:14:22,493 --> 01:14:24,693 zaharchenko: you know, in big politics 1189 01:14:24,693 --> 01:14:26,493 whatever they're talking about 1190 01:14:26,493 --> 01:14:28,100 they are talking about money 1191 01:14:28,100 --> 01:14:31,720 too much money was already invested in ukraine to stop half way 1192 01:14:31,777 --> 01:14:34,687 victoria nuland: we've invested over 5 billion dollars 1193 01:14:34,687 --> 01:14:40,970 to assist ukraine in its course to assure secure, prosperous and democratic ukraine 1194 01:14:41,595 --> 01:14:45,150 on developing what kind of democracy was this money spent? 1195 01:14:45,150 --> 01:14:47,965 installing a democratic regime, as they were calling it 1196 01:14:47,965 --> 01:14:51,895 i guess they meant the kind of regime that is now happening in donbass 1197 01:14:52,480 --> 01:14:54,700 obviously the funding was continued 1198 01:14:55,106 --> 01:14:57,135 and the conflict had to keep going 1199 01:15:01,474 --> 01:15:03,324 getting more and more deadly 1200 01:15:07,405 --> 01:15:11,115 as parties on both sides were using more and more lethal weapons 1201 01:15:15,213 --> 01:15:17,782 mr. turchinov, who practically started a war 1202 01:15:19,608 --> 01:15:22,778 is responsible for it, he started a war on his own people 1203 01:15:24,970 --> 01:15:26,630 he sent troops to donbass 1204 01:15:27,940 --> 01:15:30,919 they did what i didn't do, they started the bloodshed 1205 01:15:39,648 --> 01:15:43,648 the world seemed too busy with greeting the new democracy in kiev 1206 01:15:45,581 --> 01:15:49,801 to notice what was being done as it was spreading its wings over the country 1207 01:15:50,128 --> 01:15:53,947 many in southern ukraine were watching the revolution with concern 1208 01:16:00,720 --> 01:16:04,720 and an anti-maidan movement was formed in odessa in january of 2014 1209 01:16:05,805 --> 01:16:09,285 the protesters set up camp in front of the trade union house 1210 01:16:10,582 --> 01:16:14,582 a building that would soon become a monument of a massacre itself 1211 01:16:15,190 --> 01:16:18,290 it is difficult to overestimate the importance of odessa 1212 01:16:19,205 --> 01:16:21,595 it is strategically located on the black sea 1213 01:16:21,595 --> 01:16:23,745 and is the largest sea port of ukraine 1214 01:16:23,745 --> 01:16:26,465 it's not surprising that ukraine's new authorities 1215 01:16:26,465 --> 01:16:29,695 were watching this situation unfold with growing concern 1216 01:16:30,717 --> 01:16:33,847 more and more protesters were joining the anti-maidan 1217 01:16:34,291 --> 01:16:36,911 while the situation in the east was heating up 1218 01:16:38,515 --> 01:16:42,865 the new ukrainian government didn't have the power to go to war on two fronts 1219 01:16:43,829 --> 01:16:45,839 if odessa were to join the uprising 1220 01:16:47,440 --> 01:16:49,900 it would seriously complicate the situation 1221 01:16:50,946 --> 01:16:54,596 this rebellion had to be extinguished immediately and by any cost 1222 01:16:55,599 --> 01:16:57,190 and that cost was high 1223 01:16:58,431 --> 01:17:01,851 on may 2nd 2014 soccer fans flocked to the center of the city 1224 01:17:03,487 --> 01:17:06,637 the excuse was a ukrainian soccer championship match 1225 01:17:06,637 --> 01:17:10,907 surprisingly a number of those fans that came to odessa just before the match 1226 01:17:10,907 --> 01:17:14,364 also turned out to be fighters for maidan's self-defense militia 1227 01:17:14,933 --> 01:17:18,733 along with members of radical organizations from all parts of ukraine 1228 01:17:19,268 --> 01:17:23,268 crowd: hail to the nation, death to the enemies, ukraine, above everything, ukraine, above everything 1229 01:17:24,950 --> 01:17:26,400 these fans wore masks 1230 01:17:26,902 --> 01:17:29,292 armed and shouting nationalistic slogans 1231 01:17:29,369 --> 01:17:31,188 began a disturbance in the city 1232 01:17:32,510 --> 01:17:34,420 marched to the anti-maidan tents 1233 01:17:34,672 --> 01:17:35,892 and attacked them 1234 01:17:37,520 --> 01:17:40,741 the anti-maidan protesters sought shelter in the trade union house 1235 01:17:41,129 --> 01:17:42,199 but it was a trap 1236 01:17:42,849 --> 01:17:46,689 maidan supporters started throwing molotov cocktails to the building 1237 01:17:47,185 --> 01:17:48,515 until it caught on fire 1238 01:17:50,359 --> 01:17:51,779 people burnt inside or 1239 01:17:52,914 --> 01:17:54,400 trying to escape 1240 01:17:54,403 --> 01:17:55,713 jumped through the windows 1241 01:17:56,509 --> 01:17:58,819 although the fire station was less than a mile away 1242 01:17:59,616 --> 01:18:02,176 it took almost half an hour for them to arrive 1243 01:18:03,376 --> 01:18:05,736 and by then the damage had been done 1244 01:18:11,266 --> 01:18:13,760 but here is an interesting fact 1245 01:18:13,760 --> 01:18:15,106 just a few days before the tragedy 1246 01:18:15,976 --> 01:18:17,606 a messenger from maidan 1247 01:18:18,167 --> 01:18:20,347 andriy parubiy made a visit to odessa 1248 01:18:20,880 --> 01:18:22,580 interesting coincidence that 1249 01:18:22,801 --> 01:18:24,921 some of those he was meeting with 1250 01:18:24,994 --> 01:18:27,874 were seen as active participants on that fateful day 1251 01:18:34,561 --> 01:18:36,471 but not everyone was mourning 1252 01:18:36,759 --> 01:18:39,349 on the popular political talk-show shuster live 1253 01:18:40,240 --> 01:18:42,969 the news about the people burnt alive in odessa 1254 01:18:43,297 --> 01:18:45,876 was welcomed with a long round of applause 1255 01:18:46,443 --> 01:18:48,723 oleg liashko: among the dead in odessa 1256 01:18:48,723 --> 01:18:50,223 were 15 russian citizens 1257 01:18:50,223 --> 01:18:52,343 10 were from transdnestria republic 1258 01:18:52,343 --> 01:18:53,863 and no one from odessa 1259 01:18:55,741 --> 01:18:57,610 on its facebook page 1260 01:18:57,670 --> 01:19:00,500 the right sector announced the events of may 2nd 1261 01:19:00,816 --> 01:19:03,560 as a proud moment of national history 1262 01:19:04,142 --> 01:19:07,452 an official investigation is going on now for nearly two years 1263 01:19:08,799 --> 01:19:10,419 and still has no conclusion 1264 01:19:10,572 --> 01:19:14,742 but it seems that experts had all the information needed from the beginning 1265 01:19:15,586 --> 01:19:18,616 andriy parubiy: of course the provocation was started 1266 01:19:18,616 --> 01:19:20,976 by putin's agents that attacked the ukrainian demonstration 1267 01:19:27,474 --> 01:19:29,354 the great importance of odessa 1268 01:19:29,573 --> 01:19:32,336 can be seen in the fact that on may 30 2015 1269 01:19:32,336 --> 01:19:35,960 it was honored with a very special new governor 1270 01:19:40,593 --> 01:19:42,530 an old friend of the us 1271 01:19:43,490 --> 01:19:46,240 born and raised in ukraine's neighboring country 1272 01:19:46,273 --> 01:19:46,903 georgia 1273 01:19:48,581 --> 01:19:50,301 a quick look at his biography 1274 01:19:50,521 --> 01:19:54,250 gives one understanding that he was prepared for a special mission 1275 01:19:54,385 --> 01:19:56,905 michael saakashvili: i'm a peaceful protester 1276 01:19:56,905 --> 01:19:58,355 take your hands off me 1277 01:19:58,355 --> 01:20:02,140 mister saakashvili was receiving a us state department scholarship 1278 01:20:02,496 --> 01:20:05,566 and later worked at the new york organization “kmara” 1279 01:20:07,520 --> 01:20:10,440 a group we heard about in color revolutions history 1280 01:20:10,745 --> 01:20:14,385 saakashvili: what we have here is democratic bloodless revolution 1281 01:20:15,341 --> 01:20:17,141 this is the revolution of roses 1282 01:20:17,781 --> 01:20:20,251 and this is michael saakashvili with “kmara” 1283 01:20:21,505 --> 01:20:25,365 overthrowing the legitimately elected president edward schewarnadze 1284 01:20:26,351 --> 01:20:29,201 saakashvili: changing the government by peaceful methods 1285 01:20:29,201 --> 01:20:30,501 is the european way 1286 01:20:30,501 --> 01:20:31,491 i'm proud of it 1287 01:20:32,410 --> 01:20:34,681 soon after the rose revolution blossomed fully 1288 01:20:34,839 --> 01:20:37,419 georgia announced its intentions to join nato 1289 01:20:38,285 --> 01:20:40,235 and to build a nato military base 1290 01:20:40,423 --> 01:20:41,883 on fertile georgian land 1291 01:20:42,130 --> 01:20:43,753 right on the border of russia 1292 01:20:43,811 --> 01:20:46,681 saakashvili: we will never give our freedom and independence 1293 01:20:46,681 --> 01:20:48,691 we will never give a piece of our territory 1294 01:20:48,691 --> 01:20:51,100 Saakashvili's mission was accomplished 1295 01:20:51,253 --> 01:20:53,630 at least to his friends and nato 1296 01:20:53,965 --> 01:20:56,465 the georgian populace wasn't quite as happy 1297 01:20:57,958 --> 01:20:59,907 in 2007 they took it to the streets 1298 01:21:01,112 --> 01:21:03,482 and mr. saakashvili responded with force 1299 01:21:05,741 --> 01:21:07,851 the people's discontent was growing 1300 01:21:09,893 --> 01:21:12,533 saakashvili's party lost parliamentary elections 1301 01:21:12,636 --> 01:21:14,526 and the opposition took control 1302 01:21:14,743 --> 01:21:17,123 he said that according to the constitution 1303 01:21:17,248 --> 01:21:19,511 the new parliament's majority 1304 01:21:19,511 --> 01:21:22,581 has to form a new government with him as a president 1305 01:21:22,629 --> 01:21:24,318 michael decided not to wait 1306 01:21:24,346 --> 01:21:26,856 the results of the new presidential elections 1307 01:21:26,928 --> 01:21:29,138 and fled the country on october 2013 1308 01:21:29,994 --> 01:21:33,273 in 2014 saakashvili refused the summon to appear in court 1309 01:21:34,576 --> 01:21:36,626 as a witness in some criminal cases 1310 01:21:37,585 --> 01:21:41,685 later that same year he was accused of abuse of power and embezzlement 1311 01:21:43,871 --> 01:21:45,681 saakashvili wound up in the us 1312 01:21:46,368 --> 01:21:49,938 and soon his friends in washington found him a new assignment 1313 01:21:50,488 --> 01:21:52,758 michael actively supported the maidan 1314 01:21:53,589 --> 01:21:56,359 and very soon was rewarded with a high position 1315 01:21:56,359 --> 01:21:58,309 in the new ukrainian government 1316 01:21:58,309 --> 01:22:00,329 first as a the president's counselor 1317 01:22:00,329 --> 01:22:02,409 and then as the governor of odessa 1318 01:22:03,783 --> 01:22:05,833 the day before taking this position 1319 01:22:06,000 --> 01:22:08,260 he renounced his citizenship in georgia 1320 01:22:09,733 --> 01:22:11,593 and became a ukrainian citizen 1321 01:22:13,880 --> 01:22:15,527 saakashvili: i will always be a proud citizen 1322 01:22:17,981 --> 01:22:19,431 of my proud homeland 1323 01:22:22,276 --> 01:22:24,635 as they say the battle is worth the blood 1324 01:22:25,830 --> 01:22:27,540 both literally and figuratively 1325 01:22:29,357 --> 01:22:33,357 hино Бурджанадзе: i know well the true price of mr. saakashvilli's reforms 1326 01:22:34,173 --> 01:22:37,112 he is actually a part of the ongoing in ukraine project 1327 01:22:37,531 --> 01:22:39,891 that is being carried out by certain forces 1328 01:22:43,320 --> 01:22:45,602 geoffrey pyatt, the us ambassador to ukraine 1329 01:22:45,987 --> 01:22:48,470 had visited saakashvili just a month 1330 01:22:48,750 --> 01:22:50,115 after he took his position in odessa 1331 01:22:50,501 --> 01:22:54,241 geoffrey pyatt: as long as the odessa administration delivers results 1332 01:22:55,191 --> 01:22:57,181 you're going to see a steady flow 1333 01:22:58,704 --> 01:23:00,804 of washington visitors coming here 1334 01:23:01,665 --> 01:23:03,365 the meeting was productive 1335 01:23:03,365 --> 01:23:05,250 and geoffrey was generous 1336 01:23:08,397 --> 01:23:10,767 no matter how well saakashvili did his job 1337 01:23:12,230 --> 01:23:14,863 it seemed like he needn't worry about his finances 1338 01:23:14,863 --> 01:23:17,843 on his facebook page he posted an official document 1339 01:23:18,183 --> 01:23:22,853 showing the new governor of odessa gets salary of almost 200 thousand dollars a year 1340 01:23:24,772 --> 01:23:28,702 for comparison, the governor of maine gets 70 thousand dollars a year 1341 01:23:29,194 --> 01:23:31,320 so if odessa became a us state 1342 01:23:31,320 --> 01:23:33,250 he would be at the top of the list 1343 01:23:33,420 --> 01:23:36,390 mr saakashvili must have felt good in his new home 1344 01:23:37,566 --> 01:23:41,396 since he is an old fellow from the orange revolution of viktor ushenko 1345 01:23:42,811 --> 01:23:44,661 who is the godfather of his son 1346 01:23:48,903 --> 01:23:51,393 ex-president of georgia michael saakashvili 1347 01:23:51,912 --> 01:23:54,520 was assigned the governor of odessa 1348 01:23:54,562 --> 01:23:55,722 it is literally a spit 1349 01:23:56,920 --> 01:23:58,310 an insult to the people of odessa 1350 01:23:58,372 --> 01:24:00,200 to all the ukrainian people 1351 01:24:00,262 --> 01:24:02,642 he wasn't even granted a us working visa 1352 01:24:02,972 --> 01:24:06,100 in the universities where they tried to put him to work 1353 01:24:06,532 --> 01:24:07,842 they didn't want him 1354 01:24:08,502 --> 01:24:10,312 but he was considered worthy 1355 01:24:11,902 --> 01:24:13,812 of being the governor of odessa 1356 01:24:14,662 --> 01:24:15,932 are there no honest 1357 01:24:16,795 --> 01:24:19,325 professional, able to do that job ukrainians? 1358 01:24:25,762 --> 01:24:27,730 a war, once launched 1359 01:24:27,730 --> 01:24:29,309 doesn't choose its victims 1360 01:24:30,383 --> 01:24:32,253 we are just learning at this hour 1361 01:24:32,433 --> 01:24:33,853 that malaysian airlines 1362 01:24:33,957 --> 01:24:36,137 has lost contact with one of its planes 1363 01:24:37,580 --> 01:24:40,110 the plane was indeed shot down by a missile 1364 01:24:40,852 --> 01:24:43,622 while flying over ukraine near the russian border 1365 01:24:45,647 --> 01:24:47,287 298 people were on board 1366 01:24:48,209 --> 01:24:49,429 no survivors found 1367 01:24:50,162 --> 01:24:52,555 perry: it was a murder, a crime 1368 01:24:52,555 --> 01:24:55,365 and this odd carelessness about the investigation 1369 01:24:58,120 --> 01:25:00,371 there was a report, a very limited report 1370 01:25:00,749 --> 01:25:02,398 two months after the event 1371 01:25:02,994 --> 01:25:05,540 and it was said that the next report 1372 01:25:05,540 --> 01:25:07,434 would be on the anniversary of the event 1373 01:25:08,169 --> 01:25:10,709 if you're dealing with a criminal investigation 1374 01:25:10,765 --> 01:25:13,485 you need to work while the traces are still warm 1375 01:25:15,215 --> 01:25:16,725 and one should wonder 1376 01:25:17,647 --> 01:25:20,427 about the media's disinterest in this investigation 1377 01:25:22,717 --> 01:25:24,357 but even without answers 1378 01:25:24,474 --> 01:25:26,474 fingers were pointed immediately 1379 01:25:27,400 --> 01:25:28,384 that's not an accident 1380 01:25:28,384 --> 01:25:31,400 that is happening because of russia's support 1381 01:25:31,400 --> 01:25:34,384 evidence indicates that the plain was shot down by a missile 1382 01:25:35,572 --> 01:25:37,682 that was launched from the territory 1383 01:25:38,163 --> 01:25:41,503 controlled by the russia-backed separatists inside of ukraine 1384 01:25:42,172 --> 01:25:43,251 without a doubt 1385 01:25:43,394 --> 01:25:45,864 the country in which territory it happened 1386 01:25:46,171 --> 01:25:48,391 is responsible for this horrible tragedy 1387 01:25:49,727 --> 01:25:52,187 the malaysian boeing wasn't the first plane 1388 01:25:52,265 --> 01:25:54,895 to play a big part in russian-american relations 1389 01:25:55,241 --> 01:25:56,681 on september 1st 1983 1390 01:25:58,333 --> 01:26:00,742 korean airlines flight 007 new york – seoul 1391 01:26:02,483 --> 01:26:07,243 was shot down by a soviet interceptor aircraft over territory of USSR in the sea of japan 1392 01:26:09,357 --> 01:26:11,767 reagan: there is absolutely no justification 1393 01:26:11,939 --> 01:26:14,479 either legal or moral for what the soviets did 1394 01:26:15,826 --> 01:26:17,806 the tragedy of the korean boeing 1395 01:26:17,842 --> 01:26:19,791 was considered a perfect excuse 1396 01:26:19,812 --> 01:26:22,102 to demonstrate the nato military power 1397 01:26:22,778 --> 01:26:25,298 within dangerous proximity to USSR borders 1398 01:26:25,582 --> 01:26:27,320 on november 2nd 1983 1399 01:26:27,570 --> 01:26:29,290 nato launched massive drills 1400 01:26:30,870 --> 01:26:33,121 working on the scenario of response 1401 01:26:33,121 --> 01:26:35,351 to an escalation causing nuclear war 1402 01:26:37,100 --> 01:26:40,261 followed by placing a pershing-2 ballistic missile in europe 1403 01:26:41,531 --> 01:26:42,701 what reagan did 1404 01:26:44,572 --> 01:26:47,402 could cause a paranoic overreaction of the soviets 1405 01:26:47,536 --> 01:26:48,516 and start war 1406 01:26:49,726 --> 01:26:52,866 a recently declassified us intelligence report shows that 1407 01:26:53,426 --> 01:26:56,660 for the first time since the cuban missile crisis 1408 01:26:57,233 --> 01:26:59,513 the world got close to nuclear war 1409 01:27:02,724 --> 01:27:03,864 just like in 1983 1410 01:27:04,669 --> 01:27:07,159 the catastrophe with the malaysian aircraft 1411 01:27:07,159 --> 01:27:08,978 is leverage to push the enemy 1412 01:27:09,470 --> 01:27:12,950 a new wave of sanctions fell upon russia immediately after that 1413 01:27:15,453 --> 01:27:18,683 the us is declaring new sanctions against russian economy 1414 01:27:18,803 --> 01:27:20,763 almost a year and 3 months later 1415 01:27:20,901 --> 01:27:23,531 the dutch safety council published the report 1416 01:27:23,599 --> 01:27:25,839 man on a stage: ladies and gentlemen 1417 01:27:26,275 --> 01:27:27,955 the mh17 crash was caused 1418 01:27:28,666 --> 01:27:30,846 by the explosion of a 9H314M missile 1419 01:27:31,199 --> 01:27:33,768 launched from an air defense missile system 1420 01:27:33,968 --> 01:27:36,598 that exploded outside of the aircraft's cockpit 1421 01:27:37,671 --> 01:27:40,601 the report didn't blame any specific group or person 1422 01:27:41,730 --> 01:27:44,143 it estimated a very wide area of 300 square kilometers 1423 01:27:45,106 --> 01:27:47,406 as the zone where the missile was fired 1424 01:27:47,633 --> 01:27:48,782 at the same time 1425 01:27:49,750 --> 01:27:52,804 the russian missile systems manufacturing company “aлмаз-aнтей” 1426 01:27:53,413 --> 01:27:55,293 conducted its own investigation 1427 01:27:55,362 --> 01:27:57,802 ian novikov: the results of our experiment 1428 01:27:57,802 --> 01:27:59,902 completely disprove the conclusions 1429 01:27:59,902 --> 01:28:01,882 of the dutch commission about the missile type 1430 01:28:01,882 --> 01:28:02,922 and the launch place 1431 01:28:03,760 --> 01:28:04,476 during the experiment 1432 01:28:04,713 --> 01:28:07,652 they blew up an entire airliner cockpit with a missile 1433 01:28:07,978 --> 01:28:09,698 and came to the conclusion 1434 01:28:09,740 --> 01:28:10,740 that the malaysian plane was shot down 1435 01:28:10,740 --> 01:28:12,349 by an old 9M38M1 missile 1436 01:28:12,349 --> 01:28:14,990 not used any more by russia 1437 01:28:14,990 --> 01:28:15,619 but still used by ukraine 1438 01:28:16,579 --> 01:28:19,409 the company claims that the missile was launched 1439 01:28:19,462 --> 01:28:22,502 from the territory controlled by the ukrainian military 1440 01:28:24,874 --> 01:28:27,644 one would expect that these controversial results 1441 01:28:27,998 --> 01:28:30,668 would cause the rise of interest on this incident 1442 01:28:30,904 --> 01:28:32,934 but the malaysian boeing tragedy 1443 01:28:34,159 --> 01:28:36,438 had already fulfilled its geopolitical role 1444 01:28:37,307 --> 01:28:38,987 and so was soon forgotten 1445 01:28:39,307 --> 01:28:40,727 the goal was achieved 1446 01:28:41,407 --> 01:28:44,388 after the third wave of sanctions against russia 1447 01:28:44,388 --> 01:28:47,308 the tension between the two countries skyrocketed 1448 01:28:47,391 --> 01:28:49,250 and the question now becomes 1449 01:28:49,279 --> 01:28:51,289 are we truly witnessing cold war II 1450 01:28:52,692 --> 01:28:55,252 and if so what are the chances of surviving it 1451 01:29:12,854 --> 01:29:15,134 in 1947 the bulletin of atomic scientists 1452 01:29:16,395 --> 01:29:18,605 launched the doomsday clock project 1453 01:29:21,428 --> 01:29:24,298 it represents the time-line to the annihilation of life 1454 01:29:27,521 --> 01:29:29,630 in 1953 at the peak of the cold war 1455 01:29:31,541 --> 01:29:33,810 it was closest to midnight 1456 01:29:34,600 --> 01:29:37,390 as the superpowers were creating massive nuclear arsenals 1457 01:29:37,440 --> 01:29:40,330 this is the story of ever expanding nuclear weapons 1458 01:29:41,457 --> 01:29:45,870 as the world began to grasp the insane danger of nuclear warfare 1459 01:29:45,909 --> 01:29:48,419 and took measures to control the arms race 1460 01:29:48,537 --> 01:29:50,967 the situation was constantly getting better 1461 01:29:53,212 --> 01:29:55,402 in 1991 the clock was its furthest ever 1462 01:29:58,162 --> 01:29:59,682 17 minutes to midnight 1463 01:30:00,904 --> 01:30:02,854 that time of hope was short-lived 1464 01:30:03,738 --> 01:30:06,688 as the world was becoming more and more unstable 1465 01:30:08,846 --> 01:30:11,986 in 2015 the bulletin of atomic scientists moved the clock 1466 01:30:13,245 --> 01:30:14,855 to 3 minutes to midnight 1467 01:30:16,180 --> 01:30:17,898 today uncertain climate change 1468 01:30:18,720 --> 01:30:20,392 the modernization of nuclear weapons 1469 01:30:20,578 --> 01:30:21,758 and huge arsenals 1470 01:30:22,278 --> 01:30:23,928 present undeniable threat 1471 01:30:25,191 --> 01:30:26,961 to the existence of humanity 1472 01:30:28,935 --> 01:30:30,261 the us and russia 1473 01:30:30,261 --> 01:30:33,321 launched massive nuclear weapons upgrade programs 1474 01:30:34,423 --> 01:30:38,423 which violates the existing agreements on reduction of nuclear potential 1475 01:30:46,825 --> 01:30:49,295 the clock is now just 3 minutes to midnight 1476 01:30:49,630 --> 01:30:53,930 because international leaders are failing to perform their most important duty 1477 01:30:54,787 --> 01:30:58,527 ensuring and preserving the health and vitality of human civilization 1478 01:31:36,629 --> 01:31:38,919 perry: the role of an american journalist 1479 01:31:39,320 --> 01:31:42,130 is to inform the american people the best you can 1480 01:31:43,820 --> 01:31:45,451 in what you were able to find out 1481 01:31:45,451 --> 01:31:48,871 and to not be afraid of any kind of attacks that come with that 1482 01:31:49,810 --> 01:31:50,631 nuland: the vast majority 1483 01:31:50,720 --> 01:31:52,850 of those who participated in maidan 1484 01:31:52,900 --> 01:31:54,480 were peaceful protesters 1485 01:31:56,260 --> 01:31:58,730 uhh if you had a chance to see the pictures 1486 01:31:59,270 --> 01:32:00,770 many of us participated 1487 01:32:01,400 --> 01:32:02,250 i was there 1488 01:32:02,770 --> 01:32:05,340 there were mothers, grandmothers, veterans 1489 01:32:05,553 --> 01:32:07,633 congressman: before you proceed 1490 01:32:07,694 --> 01:32:08,864 i'd like to ask you 1491 01:32:08,994 --> 01:32:11,174 were there neo nazi groups involved? 1492 01:32:12,162 --> 01:32:13,872 nuland: there were, as i said 1493 01:32:13,872 --> 01:32:16,702 almost every color of ukrainian represented there 1494 01:32:16,702 --> 01:32:18,507 including not the best of them 1495 01:32:18,507 --> 01:32:20,567 congressman: so the answer is yes 1496 01:32:21,337 --> 01:32:24,667 perry: and that's the patriotic role of a democratic journalist 1497 01:32:25,427 --> 01:32:28,406 is to give the public as much information as possible 1498 01:32:28,462 --> 01:32:31,362 so they can operate their role of responsible citizen 1499 01:32:32,330 --> 01:32:34,220 and to control the government 1500 01:32:36,107 --> 01:32:38,637 or at least to be aware of what is happening 1501 01:32:40,439 --> 01:32:42,869 we truly believe that there is only one way 1502 01:32:43,420 --> 01:32:45,892 to protect yourself from this game of manipulation 1503 01:32:46,476 --> 01:32:47,266 awareness 1504 01:32:47,788 --> 01:32:49,580 knowledge is power 1505 01:32:49,652 --> 01:32:51,742 the ability to recognize the red flags 1506 01:32:54,120 --> 01:32:58,120 and save your country from being dragged in all this chaos and mayhem 1507 01:32:59,640 --> 01:33:01,324 this relates to each and everyone of us 1508 01:33:01,982 --> 01:33:05,442 because war today does not only come with tanks and bombs 1509 01:33:05,484 --> 01:33:07,964 it comes with the manipulative mass media 1510 01:33:07,973 --> 01:33:09,403 the journalism that lies 1511 01:33:09,511 --> 01:33:11,111 and hides and twists facts 1512 01:33:11,695 --> 01:33:14,155 that are more focused on making the news 1513 01:33:14,268 --> 01:33:16,185 rather than on reporting them 1514 01:33:16,185 --> 01:33:18,239 zaharchenko: i want to believe that 1515 01:33:20,890 --> 01:33:21,889 there will be peace in ukraine 1516 01:33:23,599 --> 01:33:25,269 there will be law and order 1517 01:33:28,281 --> 01:33:29,781 there will be democracy 1518 01:33:31,636 --> 01:33:33,286 i wish the best for ukraine 1519 01:33:39,361 --> 01:33:42,701 yanukovich: i pray to god that the people in ukraine reunite 1520 01:33:44,317 --> 01:33:46,797 for all the hate that now exists to disappear 1521 01:33:49,447 --> 01:33:51,827 i wish that there will be peace in ukraine 1522 01:33:56,551 --> 01:33:59,110 we understand that the world has changed 1523 01:34:00,184 --> 01:34:03,204 you can't keep everything frozen in a state of cold war 1524 01:34:04,929 --> 01:34:06,749 you need to look to the future 1525 01:34:14,962 --> 01:34:16,412 many times in our film 1526 01:34:16,774 --> 01:34:18,844 we have shown the spiral of history 1527 01:34:19,174 --> 01:34:21,284 while we often repeat our mistakes 1528 01:34:21,947 --> 01:34:24,157 it also always gives us another chance 1529 01:34:24,923 --> 01:34:25,713 and hope